As public opinion in the West veers away from supporting national military interventions abroad, there has been a covert yet substantial proliferation in the use of private military and security companies (PMSCs). While such companies can offer cost effective and politically convenient solutions to counter international instability or to further foreign relations priorities, the trail of human rights abuses they leave in their wake suggests that the global governance of warfare has not advanced quickly enough to adequately monitor the increasing privatisation of warfare. In response, this article addresses the debate surrounding the use of PMSCs. The idea of legal and political ambiguities is crucial to this debate and is differentiated from ideas concerning absent regulatory mechanisms. The current regulatory environment of significance to the PMSC industry is ambiguous as a result of porous legal boundaries and incongruent policies due to competing political and judicial systems: national, regional, and international. Accordingly, it is essential to consider how ambiguities could be reduced and turned into legal certainty through both hard and soft law to prevent human rights abuses.

中文翻译：

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私营军事和安全公司：法律和政治上的歧义影响了公共场所的全球战争治理

随着西方舆论逐渐转向支持国外的国家军事干预，私人军事和安全公司（PMSC）的使用已经秘密但大量扩散。尽管这些公司可以提供具有成本效益的，政治上方便的解决方案来应对国际动荡或进一步解决外交关系的优先事项，但它们留下来的侵犯人权的痕迹表明，全球战争治理尚未迅速发展到足以充分监控这种情况的发展战争私有化。作为回应，本文讨论了围绕PMSC使用的辩论。法律和政治歧义的观念对于这场辩论至关重要，并且与缺乏监管机制的观念有所区别。由于国家，地区和国际竞争的政治和司法体系，由于法律界限薄弱，政策不一致，导致当前对PMSC行业具有重要意义的监管环境不明确。因此，必须考虑如何通过硬法和软法来减少歧义并转化为法律确定性，以防止侵犯人权。