Structure evaluation is critical to in silico 3-dimensional structure predictions for biomacromolecules such as proteins and RNAs. For proteins, structure evaluation has been paid attention over three decades along with protein folding problem, and statistical potentials have been shown to be effective and efficient in protein structure prediction and evaluation. In recent two decades, RNA folding problem has attracted much attention and several statistical potentials have been developed for RNA structure evaluation, partially with the aid of the progress in protein structure prediction. In this review, we will firstly give a brief overview on the existing statistical potentials for protein structure evaluation. Afterwards, we will introduce the recently developed statistical potentials for RNA structure evaluation. Finally, we will emphasize the perspective on developing new statistical potentials for RNAs in the near future.

结构评估对计算机至关重要生物大分子（如蛋白质和RNA）的3维结构预测。对于蛋白质，结构评估连同蛋白质折叠问题已被关注了三十年，并且统计潜力已被证明在蛋白质结构预测和评估中是有效的。在最近的二十年中，RNA折叠问题引起了人们的广泛关注，并且已经部分地借助蛋白质结构预测的进展为RNA结构评估开发了一些统计潜力。在这篇综述中，我们将首先简要概述蛋白质结构评估的现有统计潜力。之后，我们将介绍最近开发的用于RNA结构评估的统计潜力。最后，