This paper investigates how existing arrival and departure procedures can be directly used or adapted to enable high-volume instrument and visual urban air mobility (UAM) flight operations at major airports in the United States. Viable procedures are restricted to those that enable simultaneous and non-interfering UAM flights with conventional aircraft operations. Air traffic controller workload is proposed as the critical integration barrier to scale UAM operations in visual conditions whereas separation minima, especially for approach procedures, is proposed as the critical barrier in instrument conditions. A systems approach is taken to evaluate potential integration strategies for UAM in which the location of UAM runways or vertipads and flight procedures are presented in a topological framework. The benefits, challenges, and notional application of five integration schemes are discussed. Four promising procedures for UAM are introduced through case studies at three airports. Findings indicate that multiple procedures exist to support high-volume UAM integration at major airports under current regulations with additional controller staffing, especially if UAM aircraft exhibit helicopter-like performance.

本文研究了如何直接使用或修改现有的进场和离场程序，以实现在美国主要机场进行大批量仪表和可视城市空中交通（UAM）飞行操作。可行的程序仅限于那些能够与常规飞机运行同时进行且不干扰UAM飞行的程序。空中交通管制员的工作量被认为是在可视条件下扩展UAM运行的关键集成障碍，而分离最小值（尤其是进近程序）被认为是仪表条件下的关键障碍。采用一种系统方法来评估UAM的潜在集成策略，其中在拓扑框架中显示UAM跑道或垂直垫的位置以及飞行程序。好处，挑战，讨论了五个集成方案的概念应用。通过在三个机场进行案例研究，引入了四个有希望的UAM程序。调查结果表明，根据现行法规，需要额外的管制人员，以多种方式来支持主要机场的大批量UAM集成，尤其是在UAM飞机表现出类似直升机性能的情况下。