Within the development of a novel high-throughput method for the discovery of new structural materials, a compression test on spherical micro samples is established as a short-term characterization process. In this study, the experimental investigations regarding the elastic–plastic deformation behavior of microspheres are carried out on the bearing steel X46Cr13 in 10 different heat treatment conditions. Characteristic values, so-called descriptors, can be derived directly from continuously measured force–displacement curves or are normalized by taking the sample geometry into account. In addition to micro compression tests with quasi-static loading, load increase tests are performed, in which a spherical sample is repeatedly loaded and unloaded with progressively increasing loads. Loading and unloading phases and the development of the displacement amplitude of the hysteresis are analyzed. New descriptors of load increase tests are extracted and discussed regarding their statistical significance and validity as descriptor showing a high potential for a fast characterization of the material behavior during cyclic loading. The descriptor-based micro compression test proves to be a robust method and is a promising approach for a fast evaluation of different material conditions.

在开发用于发现新结构材料的新型高通量方法的过程中，建立了对球形微样品的压缩测试作为短期表征过程。在这项研究中，在10种不同的热处理条件下，对X46Cr13轴承钢进行了有关微球弹塑性变形行为的实验研究。特征值，即所谓的描述符，可以直接从连续测量的力-位移曲线中得出，也可以通过考虑样品的几何形状进行归一化。除了具有准静态负载的微压缩测试外，还执行负载增加测试，在该测试中，以逐渐增加的负载反复加载和卸载球形样品。分析了加载和卸载阶段以及磁滞位移幅度的发展。提取并讨论了载荷增加测试的新描述符，并对其统计意义和有效性进行了讨论，因为描述符显示了在循环载荷过程中快速表征材料行为的高潜力。基于描述符的微压缩测试被证明是一种可靠的方法，并且是一种用于快速评估不同材料条件的有前途的方法。