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Optimized Protocol for Accurate Titration of Adeno-Associated Virus Vectors
Human Gene Therapy ( IF 4.2 ) Pub Date : 2021-10-18 , DOI: 10.1089/hum.2020.318
Tuisku Suoranta 1 , Nihay Laham-Karam 1 , Seppo Ylä-Herttuala 1, 2, 3
Affiliation  

Adeno-associated virus (AAV) is currently the most popular gene delivery vector for in vivo gene therapy. However, variability in titration methods between different laboratories affects the reproducibility of experiments and evaluation of safety and efficacy in clinical trials. We describe an optimized protocol for AAV titration, including quantitative PCR (qPCR) standard preparation and quantitation and treatment of AAV samples before qPCR and droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) titration. During the protocol development, we observed that quantitation of the qPCR standard was dependent on its conformation and that A260-based quantitation overestimated the plasmid copy numbers, introducing significant error. Linearized, free inverted terminal repeat (free-ITR), and supercoiled standards were compared with enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP), SV40p(A), and AAV2-ITR qPCR assays and we found that using the AAV2-ITR assay together with either linearized or supercoiled standard led to overestimation of the titers, while EGFP and SV40p(A) assays were more accurate with the linearized standard. Finally, we compared extraction of AAV1, AAV2, AAV5, AAV6, AAV8, and AAV9 genomes by heat denaturation, proteinase K treatment, and kit extraction. Kit extraction, which contained proteinase K treatment in denaturing buffer before spin-column purification, significantly increased the titers acquired for all the serotypes in both qPCR and ddPCR. These improvements resulted in an accurate quantitation of the ATCC reference standard and in a robust and reliable protocol for AAV titration.

中文翻译:

准确滴定腺相关病毒载体的优化方案

腺相关病毒(AAV)是目前最流行的体内基因传递载体基因治疗。然而,不同实验室之间滴定方法的差异会影响实验的可重复性以及临床试验中安全性和有效性的评估。我们描述了 AAV 滴定的优化方案,包括定量 PCR (qPCR) 标准制备以及在 qPCR 和液滴数字 PCR (ddPCR) 滴定之前对 AAV 样品的定量和处理。在协议开发过程中,我们观察到 qPCR 标准的定量取决于其构象,并且基于 A260 的定量高估了质粒拷贝数,从而引入了显着错误。将线性化、自由反向末端重复 (free-ITR) 和超螺旋标准与增强型绿色荧光蛋白 (EGFP)、SV40p(A)、和 AAV2-ITR qPCR 分析,我们发现将 AAV2-ITR 分析与线性化或超螺旋标准一起使用会导致对滴度的高估,而使用线性化标准的 EGFP 和 SV40p(A) 分析更准确。最后,我们比较了通过热变性、蛋白酶 K 处理和试剂盒提取提取 AAV1、AAV2、AAV5、AAV6、AAV8 和 AAV9 基因组。在离心柱纯化之前,在变性缓冲液中含有蛋白酶 K 处理的试剂盒提取显着增加了 qPCR 和 ddPCR 中所有血清型获得的滴度。这些改进导致 ATCC 参考标准的准确定量和 AAV 滴定的稳健可靠协议。而 EGFP 和 SV40p(A) 检测使用线性化标准更准确。最后,我们比较了通过热变性、蛋白酶 K 处理和试剂盒提取提取 AAV1、AAV2、AAV5、AAV6、AAV8 和 AAV9 基因组。在离心柱纯化之前,在变性缓冲液中含有蛋白酶 K 处理的试剂盒提取显着增加了 qPCR 和 ddPCR 中所有血清型获得的滴度。这些改进导致 ATCC 参考标准的准确定量和 AAV 滴定的稳健可靠协议。而 EGFP 和 SV40p(A) 检测使用线性化标准更准确。最后,我们比较了通过热变性、蛋白酶 K 处理和试剂盒提取提取 AAV1、AAV2、AAV5、AAV6、AAV8 和 AAV9 基因组。在离心柱纯化之前,在变性缓冲液中含有蛋白酶 K 处理的试剂盒提取显着增加了 qPCR 和 ddPCR 中所有血清型获得的滴度。这些改进导致 ATCC 参考标准的准确定量和 AAV 滴定的稳健可靠协议。显着增加了 qPCR 和 ddPCR 中所有血清型的滴度。这些改进导致 ATCC 参考标准的准确定量和 AAV 滴定的稳健可靠协议。显着增加了 qPCR 和 ddPCR 中所有血清型的滴度。这些改进导致 ATCC 参考标准的准确定量和 AAV 滴定的稳健可靠协议。
更新日期:2021-10-19
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