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Core–Shell Structured Magnetite-Poly(diphenylamine) Microspheres and Their Tunable Dual Response under Magnetic and Electric Fields
Langmuir ( IF 3.7 ) Pub Date : 2021-02-08 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c02951 Yu Zhen Dong 1 , Ehsan Esmaeilnezhad 2 , Hyoung Jin Choi 1, 3
Langmuir ( IF 3.7 ) Pub Date : 2021-02-08 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c02951 Yu Zhen Dong 1 , Ehsan Esmaeilnezhad 2 , Hyoung Jin Choi 1, 3
Affiliation
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Core–shell type poly(diphenylamine)-coated magnetite (Fe3O4–PDPA) microspheres were designed and adopted as a novel actively tunable smart material which is responsive under both electric and magnetic fields. Their morphology, chemical structure, crystalline structure, and thermal properties were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscope, Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and a thermal gravimetric analyzer. Their magnetic and dielectric properties were determined using vibrating-sample magnetometer and an LCR meter, respectively. They were dispersed in silicone oil and their electrorheological (ER) and magnetorheological (MR) responses under the electric and magnetic fields, respectively, were examined. The formation of chain structure of Fe3O4–PDPA based E/MR fluid under the application of electric field or magnetic field was observed by an optical microscopy and the sedimentation stability was observed by a Turbiscan optical analyzer system. It was observed that the yield stress, ER efficiency, and leakage current density increased with an increase in the particle concentration, while the slope of the electric field-dependent yield stress decreased. Several models such as the Bingham model, Herschel–Bulkley model, and Cho–Choi–Jhon equations were used to describe the shear stress curves of the ER fluid; the curves fitted well. For the dielectric properties, the two types of ER fluids tested displayed the same relaxation time and distribution; however, the one with the higher concentration had a higher dielectric constant and polarizability. The Fe3O4–PDPA based MR fluid (10 vol %) exhibited typical MR properties. In addition, the Herschel–Bulkley model matched well with the shear stress curves under a magnetic field.
中文翻译：
核-壳结构的磁铁矿-聚（二苯胺）微球及其在磁场和电场作用下的可调双响应
核壳型聚二苯胺涂层磁铁矿（Fe 3 O 4–PDPA）微球被设计并用作一种新型的主动可调智能材料，该材料在电场和磁场下均具有响应能力。使用扫描电子显微镜，透射电子显微镜，傅立叶变换红外光谱，X射线衍射和热重分析仪对它们的形貌，化学结构，晶体结构和热性能进行了表征。它们的磁性能和介电性能分别使用振动样品磁力计和LCR计确定。将它们分散在硅油中，并分别在电场和磁场下检查其流变学（ER）和磁流变学（MR）响应。Fe 3 O 4链结构的形成通过光学显微镜观察了在电场或磁场作用下基于PDPA的E / MR流体，并通过Turbiscan光学分析仪系统观察了沉积稳定性。观察到屈服应力，ER效率和漏电流密度随颗粒浓度的增加而增加，而电场相关屈服应力的斜率减小。宾汉模型，Herschel-Bulkley模型和Cho-Choi-Jhon方程等几种模型用于描述ER流体的切应力曲线。曲线拟合得很好。对于介电性能，所测试的两种类型的ER流体显示出相同的弛豫时间和分布。但是，浓度越高，介电常数和极化率越高。铁3基于O 4 –PDPA的MR流体（10体积％）表现出典型的MR特性。此外，Herschel-Bulkley模型与磁场下的切应力曲线吻合得很好。
更新日期：2021-02-23
中文翻译：
核-壳结构的磁铁矿-聚（二苯胺）微球及其在磁场和电场作用下的可调双响应
核壳型聚二苯胺涂层磁铁矿（Fe 3 O 4–PDPA）微球被设计并用作一种新型的主动可调智能材料，该材料在电场和磁场下均具有响应能力。使用扫描电子显微镜，透射电子显微镜，傅立叶变换红外光谱，X射线衍射和热重分析仪对它们的形貌，化学结构，晶体结构和热性能进行了表征。它们的磁性能和介电性能分别使用振动样品磁力计和LCR计确定。将它们分散在硅油中，并分别在电场和磁场下检查其流变学（ER）和磁流变学（MR）响应。Fe 3 O 4链结构的形成通过光学显微镜观察了在电场或磁场作用下基于PDPA的E / MR流体，并通过Turbiscan光学分析仪系统观察了沉积稳定性。观察到屈服应力，ER效率和漏电流密度随颗粒浓度的增加而增加，而电场相关屈服应力的斜率减小。宾汉模型，Herschel-Bulkley模型和Cho-Choi-Jhon方程等几种模型用于描述ER流体的切应力曲线。曲线拟合得很好。对于介电性能，所测试的两种类型的ER流体显示出相同的弛豫时间和分布。但是，浓度越高，介电常数和极化率越高。铁3基于O 4 –PDPA的MR流体（10体积％）表现出典型的MR特性。此外，Herschel-Bulkley模型与磁场下的切应力曲线吻合得很好。
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