Biological markers that evaluate physical healing as well as psychological impact of a burn are essential for effective treatment of paediatric burns. The objective of this review is to summarize the evidence supporting the use of biomarkers in children with burns. An extensive review of the literature was performed using PubMed. A total of 59 biomarkers were identified relating to burn presence, specifically relating to processes involved in inflammation, wound healing, growth and metabolism. In addition, biomarkers involved in the stress response cascade following a burn trauma were also identified. Although many biomarkers have been identified that are potentially associated with burn-related physical and psychological trauma, an understanding of burn biology is still lacking in children. We propose that future research in the field of children’s burns should be conducted using broad screening methods for identifying potential biomarkers, examine the biological interactions of different biomarkers, utilize child-appropriate biological fluids such as urine or saliva, and include a range of different severity burns. Through further research, the biological response to burn injury may be fully realized and clinically relevant diagnostic tests and treatment therapies utilizing these biomarkers could be developed, for the improvement of healing outcomes in paediatric burn patients.

中文翻译：

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评估小儿烧伤身体和心理创伤的潜在生物标志物综述

评估烧伤的物理愈合和心理影响的生物标志物对于有效治疗小儿烧伤至关重要。本综述的目的是总结支持在烧伤儿童中使用生物标志物的证据。使用 PubMed 对文献进行了广泛的审查。总共确定了 59 种与烧伤存在相关的生物标志物，特别是与炎症、伤口愈合、生长和新陈代谢相关的过程。此外，还确定了参与烧伤后应激反应级联反应的生物标志物。尽管已经确定了许多可能与烧伤相关的身体和心理创伤相关的生物标志物，但仍然缺乏对儿童烧伤生物学的了解。我们建议儿童烧伤领域的未来研究应使用广泛的筛选方法来识别潜在的生物标志物，检查不同生物标志物的生物相互作用，利用适合儿童的生物体液，如尿液或唾液，并包括一系列不同的严重程度烧伤。通过进一步的研究，可以充分实现对烧伤损伤的生物学反应，并可以开发利用这些生物标志物的临床相关诊断测试和治疗疗法，以改善小儿烧伤患者的愈合结果。并包括一系列不同严重程度的烧伤。通过进一步的研究，可以充分实现对烧伤损伤的生物学反应，并可以开发利用这些生物标志物的临床相关诊断测试和治疗疗法，以改善小儿烧伤患者的愈合结果。并包括一系列不同严重程度的烧伤。通过进一步的研究，可以充分实现对烧伤损伤的生物学反应，并可以开发利用这些生物标志物的临床相关诊断测试和治疗疗法，以改善小儿烧伤患者的愈合结果。