Background: Sensory processing sensitivity (SPS) is a biologically based temperament trait associated with enhanced awareness and responsivity to environmental and social stimuli. Individuals with high SPS are more affected by their environments, which may result in overarousal, cognitive depletion, and fatigue. Method: We examined individual differences in resting-state (rs) brain connectivity (using functional MRI) as a function of SPS among a group of adults (M age = 66.13 ± 11.44 years) immediately after they completed a social affective “empathy” task. SPS was measured with the Highly Sensitive Person (HSP) Scale and correlated with rs brain connectivity. Results: Results showed enhanced rs brain connectivity within the ventral attention, dorsal attention, and limbic networks as a function of greater SPS. Region of interest analyses showed increased rs brain connectivity between the hippocampus and the precuneus (implicated in episodic memory); while weaker connectivity was shown between the amygdala and the periaqueductal gray (important for anxiety), and the hippocampus and insula (implicated in habitual cognitive processing). Conclusions: The present study showed that SPS is associated with rs brain connectivity implicated in attentional control, consolidation of memory, physiological homeostasis, and deliberative cognition. These results support theories proposing “depth of processing” as a central feature of SPS and highlight the neural processes underlying this cardinal feature of the trait.
Neuropsychobiology

中文翻译：

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感觉处理敏感性预测与处理深度相关的静息状态功能连接的个体差异

背景：感觉处理敏感性 (SPS) 是一种基于生物学的气质特征，与增强的意识和对环境和社会刺激的反应能力相关。具有高 SPS 的个体更容易受到环境的影响，这可能导致过度兴奋、认知消耗和疲劳。方法：我们在一组成年人（ M年龄 = 66.13 ± 11.44 岁）完成一项社会情感“移情”任务后立即检查静息状态 (rs) 大脑连接（使用功能性 MRI）作为 SPS 的函数的个体差异. SPS 是用高度敏感的人 (HSP) 量表测量的，并与 rs 大脑连接相关。结果：结果表明，腹侧注意力、背侧注意力和边缘网络内的 rs 大脑连接增强，作为更大 SPS 的函数。感兴趣区域分析显示海马体和楔前叶之间的 rs 脑连接增加（与情景记忆有关）；而杏仁核和导水管周围灰质（对焦虑很重要）以及海马体和脑岛（涉及习惯性认知处理）之间的连接性较弱。结论：本研究表明，SPS 与涉及注意力控制、记忆巩固、生理稳态和审慎认知的 rs 大脑连接有关。这些结果支持将“加工深度”作为 SPS 核心特征的理论，并突出了这一特征基本特征背后的神经过程。
神经心理生物学