ABSTRACT

There is continued empirical and theoretical debate about the push and pull factors of immigration and the effects that legislation has. This study contributes towards this debate by identifying the drivers within the United States between 2005 and 2010. This study also puts forth a new more refined definition of restrictive immigration legislation and examines its impact on immigration. Hypotheses are developed to test for the effects of different policies, which are tested using a cross-sectional time series model with fixed effects and Driscoll-Kraay. The results show that undocumented populations were not broadly deterred by state immigration policies, but an E-Verify scheme, which limits access to employment and is punitive against employers was successful in deterring immigration. These findings have important consequences because to date, state immigration policies seem to function as symbolic overtures with very little or no actual policy output.

摘要

关于移民的推动和拉动因素以及立法的影响，存在着持续的实证和理论辩论。本研究通过确定 2005 年至 2010 年间美国境内的驱动因素，为这场辩论做出了贡献。本研究还对限制性移民立法提出了一个新的更精细的定义，并检查了它对移民的影响。提出假设以测试不同政策的影响，这些政策使用具有固定效应的横截面时间序列模型和 Driscoll-Kraay 进行测试。结果表明，州移民政策并未广泛阻止无证人口，但限制就业机会并惩罚雇主的电子验证计划成功地阻止了移民。这些发现具有重要的影响，因为迄今为止，