The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) continues to claim lives worldwide. We propose that the science of habit formation offers strategies to increase adherence to COVID-19 prevention behaviors and has the potential to be lifesaving, particularly for high-risk groups. Eight elements of habit formation are highlighted here: addressing incorrect beliefs, setting goals, devising an action plan, establishing contextual cues, adding reinforcement, engaging in repetition, aiming for automaticity, and recognizing that change is difficult. In addition, we offer a set of strategies for forming new habits and eliminating existing habits to contain the spread of COVID-19. These strategies are derived from habit-formation principles and behavior-change techniques and can inform future research on treatment development. With the COVID-19 pandemic still raging, there is currently an urgent need to jump-start the state of knowledge on habit-formation processes and interventions.

2019年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）继续在世界范围内夺走生命。我们建议，养成习惯的科学提供了提高对COVID-19预防行为依从性的策略，并有可能挽救生命，特别是对于高危人群而言。这里强调了养成习惯的八个要素：解决不正确的信念，设定目标，制定行动计划，建立情境线索，增加强化，参与重复，追求自动化以及认识到改变是困难的。此外，我们提供了一套形成新习惯并消除现有习惯的策略，以遏制COVID-19的传播。这些策略源自习惯养成原则和行为改变技术，可以为治疗发展的未来研究提供参考。