Abstract

Obesity is associated with chronic low-grade inflammation, characterised by the up-regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines in obese adipose tissue. In this study, 3T3-L1 CM enhanced TNF-α and IL-1β in RAW 264.7 cells compared with LPS treated cells. However, treatment with Varanadi kashayam suppressed the inflammatory changes associated with RAW 264.7 cells. Subsequently, RAW CM used to stimulate adipocytes, resulting in decreased intracellular lipid content and reduced adipogenic markers after Varanadi kashayam treatment. The chemical profiling of Varanadi kashayam using UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap-HRMS identified 194 compounds by comparing their retention time, the experimentally measured exact mass of precursor, and fragmented ions, and fragmentation pattern with spectral library and reported literature. Collectively, Varanadi kashayam act as a potent anti-inflammatory and anti-adipogenic agent that could disrupt the crosstalk between adipocytes and macrophages. Hence it could be a better candidate for reducing inflammation associated with obese adipose tissue.

摘要

肥胖与慢性低度炎症相关，其特征是肥胖脂肪组织中促炎细胞因子的上调。在这项研究中，与 LPS 处理的细胞相比，3T3-L1 CM 增强了 RAW 264.7 细胞中的 TNF-α 和 IL-1β。然而，Varanadi kashayam 治疗抑制了与 RAW 264.7 细胞相关的炎症变化。随后，RAW CM 用于刺激脂肪细胞，导致 Varanadi kashayam 治疗后细胞内脂质含量降低并减少脂肪形成标记物。使用 UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap-HRMS 对 Varanadi kashayam 进行化学分析，通过比较保留时间、实验测量的前体和碎片离子的精确质量以及与光谱库和报道文献的碎片模式，鉴定了 194 种化合物。总的来说，Varanadi kashayam 是一种有效的抗炎和抗脂肪形成剂，可以破坏脂肪细胞和巨噬细胞之间的串扰。因此，它可能是减少与肥胖脂肪组织相关的炎症的更好候选者。