ABSTRACT

The current study sought to determine how prosocial behaviors reflecting various motivations (altruistic and public prosocial behaviors) and situations (i.e., anonymous, compliant, dire, and emotional prosocial behaviors) jointly inform subtypes of prosocial personality groups. Undergraduates (N = 324, M age = 19.47 years, 80% female) completed a measure of these six prosocial behaviors (Prosocial Tendencies Measure-Revised). Latent profile analysis results supported a three-group solution: altruistic helpers (AH), public helpers (PH), and altruistic idealists (AI). The AH and AI profiles were defined by elevated altruistic prosocial behaviors, but the AH profile was higher on situational helping and socioemotive and sociocognitive correlates. The PH profile was characterized by elevated public prosocial behaviors and moderate levels of situational helping. These identified profiles support multiple competing ideas of the true nature of prosocial personality, but also introduce the possibility that some individuals idealize motives but fail to engage in behavior.

摘要

目前的研究试图确定反映各种动机（利他和公开的亲社会行为）和情境（即匿名、顺从、可怕和情绪化的亲社会行为）的亲社会行为如何共同影响亲社会人格群体的亚型。本科生（N  = 324，M年龄 = 19.47 岁，80% 女性）完成了对这六种亲社会行为的测量（Prosocial Tendencies Measure-Revised）。潜在轮廓分析结果支持三组解决方案：利他帮手(AH)、公共帮手(PH) 和利他理想主义者（人工智能）。AH 和 AI 配置文件由提升的利他亲社会行为定义，但 AH 配置文件在情境帮助以及社会情感和社会认知相关性方面更高。PH 档案的特点是公众亲社会行为升高和情境帮助程度适中。这些确定的个人资料支持亲社会人格真实性质的多种相互竞争的观点，但也引入了一些个人理想化动机但未能参与行为的可能性。