Abstract

The economic and social losses due to increasing bridges collapse over the years have underlined the importance of the development of more robust bridge structural systems when exposed to harmful events, such as natural hazards, human-made hazards and human errors. Natural and human-made hazards are usually explicitly addressed in the numerous works available in the literature, but when it comes to human errors, very few studies can be found. It is worth mentioning that human errors have been identified as one of the main causes of bridges failure. Consequently, the main goal of this paper is the assessment of human errors impact on the robustness and safety of a prestressed reinforced concrete bridge through a probabilistic-based approach. Uncertainties concerning the numerical model, material strength, geometry and loading condition are used as key input parameters for the probabilistic assessment. Considering the structural system performance in its early days (i.e., virgin reliability index) the human error impact in structural safety is measured according to the structural system performance reduction given different errors with different magnitudes. Therefore, the structural system ability to maintain acceptable levels of performance, given such errors, is assessed.

摘要

多年来，由于桥梁倒塌越来越多造成的经济和社会损失凸显了在遭受自然灾害、人为灾害和人为失误等有害​​事件时开发更坚固的桥梁结构系统的重要性。自然和人为的危害通常在文献中的大量著作中得到明确的解决，但是当涉及到人为错误时，很少有研究可以找到。值得一提的是，人为错误已被确定为桥梁失效的主要原因之一。因此，本文的主要目标是通过基于概率的方法评估人为错误对预应力钢筋混凝土桥梁的稳健性和安全性的影响。关于数值模型、材料强度的不确定性，几何形状和加载条件被用作概率评估的关键输入参数。考虑到其早期的结构系统性能（即原始可靠性指标），根据给定不同幅度的不同误差，根据结构系统性能降低来衡量人为错误对结构安全的影响。因此，在给定此类错误的情况下，评估结构系统维持可接受性能水平的能力。