Abstract

Fumonisins, discovered in 1988 are a group of naturally occurring toxins produced by fusarium pathogenic fungi. Besides their presence in animal feeds, contamination of human foods such as corn, millet, oats, rye, barley, wheat and their products are widespread. Exposure to fumonisins results in species and organ specific toxicities including neurological disorders among equids, pulmonary edema in swine, esophageal cancer in humans and both kidney and liver related toxicities in rodents. This review seeks to consolidate groundbreaking research on the science of fumonisins toxicity, highlight recent progress on fumonisins research, and provide an overview of plausible mechanistic biomarkers for fumonisins exposure assessment.

摘要

伏马菌素是 1988 年发现的一组由镰刀菌病原真菌产生的天然毒素。除了它们存在于动物饲料中之外，玉米、小米、燕麦、黑麦、大麦、小麦及其产品等人类食物的污染也很普遍。接触伏马菌素会导致物种和器官特异性毒性，包括马科动物的神经系统疾病、猪的肺水肿、人类的食道癌以及啮齿动物的肾脏和肝脏相关毒性。本综述旨在巩固伏马菌素毒性科学的开创性研究，重点介绍伏马菌素研究的最新进展，并概述用于伏马菌素暴露评估的合理机制生物标志物。