The paper focuses on the seismic response of earth dams close to active faults. The engineering implications of such an issue may be crucial since many existing dams, which have been in operation for several years, are located nearby or even on seismogenic faults. Owing to their size, large earth dams could dramatically be compromised by near-source ground motion. The spatial variability of the incoming seismic wave could promote differential settlements in the dam body and consequently fractures in the watertightness elements with an overall decrease of dam safety. The paper refers to the iconic case of Conza Dam in Italy. During its construction, it was seriously damaged by the catastrophic 1980 Irpinia earthquake (M = 6.9), whose epicenter was very close to the dam site. To model the seismic wave propagation from the causative fault to the dam site, a physics-based approach has been adopted by implementing the domain reduction method to simulate the whole boundary value problem. Two models were hence considered: a regional model, containing the source and the propagation medium of the Campania region basin, and a site model containing the upper foundation soils and the dam body.

The paper compares the different response of the dam in the hypothesis of contemplating or disregarding near-source effects. Finally, the dam performance to seismic scenarios resembling the source mechanism of the 1980 Irpinia earthquake was analysed to ascertain the resilience of the dam to future earthquake scenarios having source characteristics similar to those of the 1980 event.

本文着重研究活动断层附近土坝的地震反应。这个问题的工程含义可能至关重要，因为已经运行了数年的许多现有大坝都位于附近甚至是地震成因断层上。由于其大小，大型水坝可能会因近源地震动而受到严重损害。入射地震波的空间变化性可能会促进坝体中不同的沉降，从而导致水密性要素破裂，从而导致大坝安全性总体下降。本文提到了意大利Conza大坝的标志性案例。在建造过程中，它受到1980年厄尔皮尼亚大地震（M = 6.9）的严重破坏，其震中非常靠近大坝所在地。为了模拟地震波从致病性断层到坝址的传播，通过采用基于域的约简方法来模拟整个边界值问题，采用了基于物理学的方法。因此考虑了两个模型：一个包含坎帕尼亚地区盆地的源和传播介质的区域模型，以及一个包含上层基础土壤和坝体的场地模型。

本文在考虑或忽略近源效应的假设中比较了大坝的不同响应。最后，分析了大坝对类似于1980年Irpinia地震震源机制的地震情境的性能，以确定大坝对未来震源具有与1980年地震相似的震源特征的复原力。