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No consistent diversity patterns in terrestrial mammal assemblages along rural-urban forest gradients
Basic and Applied Ecology ( IF 3.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-02-09 , DOI: 10.1016/j.baae.2021.02.004
Tibor Magura , Eszter Kiss , Gábor L. Lövei

Urbanization is increasing worldwide, fragmenting, isolating or destroying native habitats with a subsequent loss of biodiversity, structural and compositional changes of biotic communities and weakening of the functioning of biological processes and ecosystem services. In urban ecosystems, terrestrial mammals provide important functions and services, but we do not have a synthesis of the impacts of urbanization on terrestrial mammals. Terrestrial mammals are vulnerable to habitat loss and modification caused by urbanization, thus we hypothesised that the abundance and diversity of mammals would decrease as urbanization progresses. In addition, due to the declining number of predators and thus to decreasing predation pressure in urban habitats, we assumed that herbivore and omnivore mammals would gain dominance. To clarify the inconsistency of previous urbanization studies on terrestrial mammals, we synthetized and re-evaluated published results by meta-analysis. Based on 50 rural-urban comparisons, terrestrial mammals were not significantly more abundant or diverse in rural than urban habitats. This was not only found at the community level, but also at the level of taxonomic groups (carnivores, marsupials, rodents), feeding habit (carnivorous, herbivorous or omnivorous species) or at the level of their interactions. Our results suggest that the studied urban-dwelling mammal species are probably well adapted to environmental conditions and pressures accompanied by urbanization via individual-level adaptation.



中文翻译:

在沿城乡森林梯度的陆地哺乳动物群落中没有一致的多样性模式

全球范围内的城市化进程日趋加剧,其原始栖息地被分割,隔离或破坏,继而丧失了生物多样性,生物群落的结构和组成发生了变化,并削弱了生物过程和生态系统服务的功能。在城市生态系统中,陆生哺乳动物提供了重要的功能和服务,但我们没有对城市化对陆生哺乳动物的影响进行综合分析。陆生哺乳动物很容易受到城市化引起的栖息地丧失和改造的影响,因此我们假设随着城市化的进行,哺乳动物的丰度和多样性将会降低。此外,由于食肉动物数量的减少以及城市生活环境中食肉动物压力的降低,我们假设食草动物和杂食性哺乳动物将获得优势地位。为了阐明先前关于陆栖哺乳动物的城市化研究的不一致之处,我们通过荟萃分析综合并重新评估了发表的结果。根据50次城乡比较,农村地区的陆地哺乳动物没有比城市栖息地丰富或多样得多。这不仅在社区一级,而且在生物分类群(食肉动物,有袋动物,啮齿动物),进食习惯(食肉,草食性或杂食性物种)或它们相互作用的水平上都可以找到。我们的结果表明,所研究的居住在城市中的哺乳动物物种可能通过个体水平的适应而很好地适应了伴随城市化的环境条件和压力。根据50次城乡比较,农村地区的陆地哺乳动物没有比城市栖息地丰富或多样得多。这不仅在社区一级,而且在生物分类群(食肉动物,有袋动物,啮齿动物),进食习惯(食肉,草食性或杂食性物种)或它们相互作用的水平上都可以找到。我们的结果表明,所研究的居住在城市中的哺乳动物物种可能通过个体水平的适应而很好地适应了伴随城市化的环境条件和压力。根据50次城乡比较,农村地区的陆地哺乳动物没有比城市栖息地丰富或多样得多。这不仅在社区一级,而且在生物分类群(食肉动物,有袋动物,啮齿动物),进食习惯(食肉,草食性或杂食性物种)或它们相互作用的水平上都可以找到。我们的结果表明,所研究的居住在城市中的哺乳动物物种可能通过个体水平的适应而很好地适应了伴随城市化的环境条件和压力。草食性或杂食性物种)或处于它们相互作用的水平。我们的结果表明,所研究的居住在城市中的哺乳动物物种可能通过个体水平的适应而很好地适应了伴随城市化的环境条件和压力。草食性或杂食性物种)或处于它们相互作用的水平。我们的结果表明,所研究的居住在城市中的哺乳动物物种可能通过个体水平的适应而很好地适应了伴随城市化的环境条件和压力。

更新日期:2021-02-22
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