Mangrove overexpansion monopolizes estuarine landscapes by diminishing land-cover type diversity and hence biodiversity. Preferences of land-cover types by polychaete and bird assemblages as they relate to associated physical driving forces warrant investigation. In a mangrove-vegetated nature reserve, six land-cover types were found and aligned along elevation, inundation and sedimentary gradients. However, only three land-cover types were preferred by polychaetes, mainly tidal flats with intermediate and high inundation, and mangroves. Each land-cover type was differentiated by a distinctive species. The density of the nereid, the prey of shorebirds, was well explained by increasing flow velocity of the tidal flats. Five land-cover types were preferred by birds. Shorebirds recognized tidal flats for foraging where large, open surface areas shaped the places. Wintering egret also preferred feeding on open tidal flats and the residential egret favors nesting on tall and thick trunk mangroves. These egret-differentiated land-covers were regulated by lengthening inundation. Foliage and ground gleaners preferred dense, tall and thick trunk mangroves. The shorebird abundance could be enhanced 2.25 times if the open tidal surface area increased 1.5 times more than the current level. Our results identify useful, applicable physical driving parameters and suggest effective management strategies for conserving mangrove-vegetated wetlands.

红树林的过度扩张通过减少土地覆盖类型的多样性和生物多样性而垄断了河口景观。与相关的物理驱动力相关的多毛类和鸟类组合对土地覆盖类型的偏爱值得调查。在一个红树林植被自然保护区中，发现了六种土地覆盖类型，并沿海拔，淹没和沉积梯度排列。但是，多毛cha只喜欢三种地被类型，主要是中度和高度淹没的潮滩和红树林。每种土地覆盖类型都有其独特的物种。Nereid（水鸟的猎物）的密度可以通过增加潮滩的流速来很好地解释。鸟类更喜欢五种土地覆盖类型。知更鸟在大型，大型，开放的表面区域塑造了这些地方。越冬白鹭也更喜欢在开放的潮滩上觅食，而住宅白鹭则喜欢在高而厚的树干红树林中筑巢。这些白鹭分化的土地覆盖物通过延长淹没来调节。叶子和地面拾荒者更喜欢茂密，高大和浓密的树干红树林。如果开放的潮汐表面积比当前水平增加1.5倍，则水鸟的丰度可以提高2.25倍。我们的结果确定了有用的，适用的物理驱动参数，并提出了保护红树林植被湿地的有效管理策略。叶子和地面拾荒者更喜欢茂密，高大和浓密的树干红树林。如果开放的潮汐表面积比当前水平增加1.5倍，则水鸟的丰度可以提高2.25倍。我们的结果确定了有用的，适用的物理驱动参数，并提出了保护红树林植被湿地的有效管理策略。叶子和地面拾荒者更喜欢茂密，高大和浓密的树干红树林。如果开放的潮汐表面积比当前水平增加1.5倍，则水鸟的丰度可以提高2.25倍。我们的结果确定了有用的，适用的物理驱动参数，并提出了保护红树林植被湿地的有效管理策略。