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The game has changed – a systematic approach to classify FIFA World Cups
International Journal of Sport Policy and Politics ( IF 2.1 ) Pub Date : 2020-07-02 , DOI: 10.1080/19406940.2020.1784978
Matthias Fett 1
Affiliation  

ABSTRACT At a cost of more than 15 billion USD, the FIFA World Cup is not only the biggest single-sport mega-event, but also the costliest. Investments of this magnitude exceed the GDPs of competing nations and are expected to produce tangible and intangible effects on economy, society, and politics. Through conducting literature analysis and own fieldwork to extend the existing literature, this article deals with the classification of FIFA World Cups in the realm of mega-events. It investigates based on four dimensions (visitor attractiveness, mediated reach, costs, and urban transformation) the post-war World Cups (1950–2018). A considerable fifth dimension to account for the aftermath of these events is introduced. By dissecting the different categories, the aim of the study is to answer the questions: ‘What is the value of the FIFA World Cup?’ and ‘What is its price?’ The study discovers that there are two important milestones in the history of the FIFA World Cup. The first is Italy 1990, when the tournament can initially be considered a ‘mega-event’ and the second is South Africa 2010, when it qualifies to be a ‘giga-event’. Besides the steady increase of popularity, the input factors, costs, and urban transformation, drive the current trend of gigantism. Applying the classification system on the 2014 and 2018 editions, lead to the maximum score, which opens the door for discussions about overspending on World Cup projects and the sustainability of the tournament.

中文翻译:

游戏发生了变化–一种对FIFA世界杯进行分类的系统方法

摘要FIFA世界杯耗资超过150亿美元,不仅是最大的单项运动大型赛事,而且是成本最高的赛事。如此规模的投资超过了竞争国家的GDP,并有望对经济,社会和政治产生切实和无形的影响。通过进行文献分析和现场调查以扩展现有文献,本文讨论了大型赛事领域中FIFA世界杯的分类。它基于战后世界杯(1950年至2018年)的四个维度(游客的吸引力,传播范围,成本和城市转型)进行调查。引入了可观的第五个维度来说明这些事件的后果。通过解剖不同的类别,本研究的目的是回答以下问题:“ FIFA世界杯的价值是什么?” 和“价格是多少?” 研究发现,国际足联世界杯历史上有两个重要的里程碑。第一个是意大利1990年,当时该锦标赛最初可以被认为是“大型赛事”,第二个是南非2010年,当时它有资格成为“大型赛事”。除了受欢迎程度的稳步提高之外,输入因素,成本和城市转型也推动了当前的巨型趋势。在2014年和2018年版本中应用分类系统,将获得最高分,这为讨论有关世界杯项目超支和赛事可持续性的讨论打开了大门。比赛最初可以被认为是“大型赛事”,第二次是南非2010年,当时有资格成为“大型赛事”。除了受欢迎程度的稳步提高之外,输入因素,成本和城市转型也推动了当前的巨型趋势。在2014年和2018年版本中应用分类系统,将获得最高分,这为讨论有关世界杯项目超支和赛事可持续性的讨论打开了大门。比赛最初可以被认为是“大型赛事”,第二次是南非2010年,当时有资格成为“大型赛事”。除了受欢迎程度的稳步提高之外,输入因素,成本和城市转型也推动了当前的巨型趋势。在2014年和2018年版本中应用分类系统,将获得最高分,这为讨论有关世界杯项目超支和赛事可持续性的讨论打开了大门。
更新日期:2020-07-02
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