It has been studied that there are many young immigrants who are at risk of being marginalized in Finnish Lapland. There are less opportunities for participating in activities in northern Finland, access to the local labor market is difficult, and there are few activities that support the youth immigrant’s own culture. These dilemmas may have regional differences, but the economic prospects for living a meaningful life are seen to be weaker in the northern Finland than in southern Finland, and the local attitude towards immigrants is also not so positive. In this research, an intergroup theoretical framework is used to support an understanding of the personal identity of immigrant and Finnish youth, which is transformable by increasing contact between “self” and “context.” A proactive orientation (self-esteem and efficacy empathy, responsibility) is an effective way to adapt to a new circumstance. Improving the self-determination of both native and immigrant youth in an intercultural context may integrate both groups into a diverse society, and so reduce prejudice and stereotyping attitudes. This article discusses how a proactive orientation could influence adolescents in their interrelationship development and help to balance their self-esteem, and culminate in feelings of happiness and satisfaction. As a conclusion, well-being or optimism along with the happiness of youth could rely on possessing a positive personal trait that contributes to the positive psychology of autonomy, interaction (or relatedness) and competences (problem solving skills).

中文翻译：

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跨文化行为的感知变化：分析青年幸福感的自我决定

据研究，在芬兰拉普兰，有许多年轻移民面临被边缘化的风险。在芬兰北部参加活动的机会较少，进入当地劳动力市场很困难，支持青年移民自身文化的活动也很少。这些困境可能存在地区差异，但在芬兰北部过上有意义的生活的经济前景被认为比芬兰南部弱，当地对移民的态度也不那么积极。在这项研究中，一个群体间理论框架被用来支持对移民和芬兰青年的个人身份的理解，这种身份可以通过增加“自我”和“背景”之间的联系来改变。积极主动的方向（自尊和效能同理心，责任）是适应新环境的有效方法。在跨文化背景下提高本地和移民青年的自决能力可以将这两个群体融入多元化的社会，从而减少偏见和成见。本文讨论了积极主动的取向如何影响青少年的相互关系发展，帮助他们平衡自尊，并最终获得幸福和满足感。总之，幸福或乐观以及青年的幸福可能取决于拥有积极的个人特质，这有助于自主、互动（或相关性）和能力（解决问题的技能）的积极心理。在跨文化背景下提高本地和移民青年的自决能力可以将这两个群体融入多元化的社会，从而减少偏见和成见。本文讨论了积极主动的取向如何影响青少年的相互关系发展，帮助他们平衡自尊，并最终获得幸福和满足感。总之，幸福或乐观以及青年的幸福可能取决于拥有积极的个人特质，这有助于自主、互动（或相关性）和能力（解决问题的技能）的积极心理。在跨文化背景下提高本地和移民青年的自决能力可以将这两个群体融入多元化的社会，从而减少偏见和成见。本文讨论了积极主动的取向如何影响青少年的相互关系发展，帮助他们平衡自尊，并最终获得幸福和满足感。总之，幸福或乐观以及青年的幸福可能取决于拥有积极的个人特质，这有助于自主、互动（或相关性）和能力（解决问题的技能）的积极心理。本文讨论了积极主动的取向如何影响青少年的相互关系发展，帮助他们平衡自尊，并最终获得幸福和满足感。总之，幸福或乐观以及青年的幸福可能取决于拥有积极的个人特质，这有助于自主、互动（或相关性）和能力（解决问题的技能）的积极心理。本文讨论了积极主动的取向如何影响青少年的相互关系发展，帮助他们平衡自尊，并最终获得幸福和满足感。总之，幸福或乐观以及青年的幸福可能取决于拥有积极的个人特质，这有助于自主、互动（或相关性）和能力（解决问题的技能）的积极心理。