This study advances the current understanding of why many citizens do not display a high level of commitment to protecting the environment. We examine cross-national differences in the salience of attitudinal and behavioral profiles distinguished by their comparably low levels of pro-environmental behavior, in both the public and private spheres. Based on theories of postmaterialism and collective action problems, we expect gross domestic product (GDP) per capita and levels of generalized trust to be related to the salience of these attitudinal and behavioral profiles cross-nationally. First, low levels of GDP very likely constrain pro-environmental behavior through decreasing environmental concern, which should increase the probability of citizens displaying an attitudinal and behavioral profile characterized by low levels of both environmental concern and pro-environmental behavior. Second, collective action problems in low-trust countries should also constrain behavior by undermining the propensity of environmentally concerned individuals to act on their concerns, which should increase the probability of citizens displaying a profile characterized by low levels of pro-environmental behavior despite high levels of concern. Using latent class analysis and multilevel modeling, we analyze data from the International Social Survey Programme (2010) and show that the probability of individuals displaying these profiles is clearly linked to GDP and national levels of generalized trust, in the expected manner. In contrast to previous research, we demonstrate that these societal factors are complementary insofar as they relate to fundamentally different individual-level processes underlying pro-environmental behavior.

中文翻译：

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多一点行动，请：在不同的国家背景下增加对公民缺乏保护环境承诺的理解

这项研究促进了目前对为什么许多公民没有表现出对保护环境的高度承诺的理解。我们研究了态度和行为特征的显着性的跨国差异，其特征在于它们在公共和私人领域中的亲环境行为水平相对较低。基于后物质主义和集体行动问题的理论，我们预计人均国内生产总值 (GDP) 和普遍信任水平与这些跨国态度和行为特征的显着性有关。首先，低水平的 GDP 很可能会通过减少对环境的关注来限制亲环境行为，这应该会增加公民表现出以低水平的环境关注和亲环境行为为特征的态度和行为特征的可能性。其次，低信任度国家的集体行动问题还应通过削弱关注环境的个人对他们的关注采取行动的倾向来限制行为，这应该会增加公民表现出低水平的亲环境行为特征的可能性，尽管水平很高的关注。使用潜在类别分析和多层次建模，我们分析了来自国际社会调查计划（2010 年）的数据，并表明个人展示这些概况的概率与 GDP 和国家普遍信任水平以预期的方式明显相关。与以往的研究相比，