ABSTRACT Creating citizens interested in science and able to participate in science discourse and decisions is one of the goals of science education. Science hobbyists embody this goal through their life-long leisure interests and engagement in science. This study compared the motivations, perceived hobby benefits, and factors that influenced their hobby development for citizen-scientists and non-citizen scientists. A deeper understanding of factors that relate to involvement in both citizen science and science hobbies may inform efforts to encourage such participation. Data were collected through open-ended interviews with 107 amateur astronomer and birder hobbyists (67 citizen scientists and 40 non-citizen science participants) and an online survey. The results of the interviews informed the development of the online survey that was distributed nationally; participants included 2119 non-citizen scientists and 745 citizen scientists. Citizen scientists reported different hobby-related motivations, interests, and experiences than non-citizen science hobbyists. Male citizen scientists were more likely than male non-citizen scientists to report sharing information with others and educating youth as important motives to their hobby participation. As compared to non citizen-scientists, citizen scientists reported being more influenced in their hobby by formal and informal educational institutions, were more likely than non-citizen scientist hobbyists to report publishing articles for the public and using electronic media to communicate with other hobbyists. Citizen scientists reported improved science process skills and a better understanding of the nature of science. The implications of the results for a deeper understanding of what encourages individuals to participate in citizen science and science hobbies are discussed.

中文翻译：

---

公民科学家和非公民科学家爱好者：动力，利益和影响

摘要培养对科学感兴趣并能够参与科学话语和决策的公民是科学教育的目标之一。科学爱好者通过终生的休闲兴趣和对科学的投入体现了这一目标。这项研究比较了公民科学家和非公民科学家的动机，感知的业余爱好收益以及影响其业余爱好发展的因素。对与参与公民科学和科学爱好有关的因素的更深入的了解可能会为鼓励这种参与提供信息。通过与107位业余天文学家和观鸟爱好者（67位公民科学家和40位非公民科学参与者）的不限成员名额采访和在线调查收集了数据。访谈的结果为在全国范围内分发的在线调查的发展提供了信息；参与者包括2119位非公民科学家和745位公民科学家。与非公民科学爱好者相比，公民科学家报告了与爱好相关的动机，兴趣和经历不同。男性公民科学家比男性非公民科学家更有可能报告与他人共享信息并教育青年人，这是他们业余爱好的重要动机。与非公民科学家相比，公民科学家报告说受正规和非正式教育机构的业余爱好影响更大，比非公民科学家业余爱好者更有可能向公众报告发表的文章，并使用电子媒体与其他业余爱好者进行交流。公民科学家报告说，科学过程技能得到了提高，并且对科学的本质有了更好的了解。讨论了结果对更深入了解鼓励个人参与公民科学和科学爱好的意义的含义。