Plant fitness is largely dependent on the root, the underground organ, which, besides its anchoring function, supplies the plant body with water and all nutrients necessary for growth and development. To exploit the soil effectively, roots must constantly integrate environmental signals and react through adjustment of growth and development. Important components of the root management strategy involve a rapid modulation of the root growth kinetics and growth direction, as well as an increase of the root system radius through formation of lateral roots (LRs). At the molecular level, such a fascinating growth and developmental flexibility of root organ requires regulatory networks that guarantee stability of the developmental program but also allows integration of various environmental inputs. The plant hormone auxin is one of the principal endogenous regulators of root system architecture by controlling primary root growth and formation of LR. In this review, we discuss recent progress in understanding molecular networks where auxin is one of the main players shaping the root system and acting as mediator between endogenous cues and environmental factors.

中文翻译：

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生长素调节的侧根器官发生

植物的适应性在很大程度上取决于根，即地下器官，除了其锚定功能外，它还为植物体提供生长和发育所需的水和所有营养物质。为了有效地利用土壤，根必须不断整合环境信号并通过生长和发育的调整做出反应。根系管理策略的重要组成部分包括快速调节根系生长动力学和生长方向，以及通过形成侧根（LR）来增加根系半径。在分子水平上，根器官如此令人着迷的生长和发育灵活性需要调节网络来保证发育程序的稳定性，同时也允许整合各种环境输入。植物激素生长素是根系结构的主要内源调节剂之一，通过控制初生根生长和 LR 的形成。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了理解分子网络的最新进展，其中生长素是塑造根系的主要参与者之一，并充当内源线索和环境因素之间的中介。