In the midst of the COVID–19 epidemic, Spain was one of the countries with the highest number of infections and a high mortality rate. The threat of the virus and consequences of the pandemic have a discernible impact on the mental health of citizens. This study aims to (a) evaluate the levels of anxiety, depression and well-being in a large Spanish sample during the confinement, (b) identify potential predictor variables associated to experiencing both clinical levels of distress and well-being in a sample of 2,122 Spanish people. By using descriptive analyses and logistic regression results revealed high rates of depression, anxiety and well-being. Specifically, our findings revealed that high levels of anxiety about COVID–19, increased substance use and loneliness as the strongest predictors of distress, while gross annual incomes and loneliness were strongest predictors of well-being. Finding of the present study provide a better insight about psychological adjustment to a pandemic and allows us to identify which population groups are at risk of experiencing higher levels of distress and which factors contribute to greater well-being, which could help in the treatments and prevention in similar stressful and traumatic situations.

中文翻译：

---

COVID-19 大流行期间西班牙的心理调整：普通人群的积极和消极心理健康结果

在 COVID-19 流行期间，西班牙是感染人数和死亡率最高的国家之一。病毒的威胁和大流行的后果对公民的心理健康产生了明显的影响。本研究旨在 (a) 评估一个大型西班牙样本在坐月子期间的焦虑、抑郁和幸福感水平，(b) 确定与经历临床痛苦和幸福感相关的潜在预测变量2,122 名西班牙人。通过使用描述性分析和逻辑回归结果显示抑郁、焦虑和幸福感的发生率很高。具体来说，我们的研究结果表明，对 COVID-19 的高度焦虑、物质使用增加和孤独感是痛苦的最强预测因素，而年总收入和孤独感是幸福感的最强预测因素。本研究的发现提供了对大流行的心理调整的更好见解，并使我们能够确定哪些人群面临更高程度的痛苦以及哪些因素有助于提高幸福感，这可能有助于治疗和预防在类似的压力和创伤情况下。