Mechanisms of Arctic amplification and Arctic climate change are difficult to pinpoint, and current climate models do not represent the complex local processes and feedbacks at play, in particular for aerosol–climate interactions. This Perspective highlights the role of aerosols in contemporary Arctic climate change and stresses that the Arctic natural aerosol baseline is changing fast and its regional characteristics are very diverse. We argue that to improve understanding of present day and future Arctic, more detailed knowledge is needed on natural Arctic aerosol emissions, their evolution and transport, and the effects on cloud microphysics. In particular, observation and modelling work should focus on the sensitivity of aerosol–climate interactions to the rapidly evolving base state of the Arctic.

北极放大和北极气候变化的机制很难查明，目前的气候模型不能代表复杂的局部过程和反馈，特别是对于气溶胶与气候的相互作用。该观点强调了气溶胶在当代北极气候变化中的作用，并强调北极自然气溶胶基线正在快速变化，其区域特征非常多样化。我们认为，为了增进对当今和未来北极的了解，需要更详细的自然北极气溶胶排放，其演化和传输以及对云微物理学的影响的知识。特别是，观测和建模工作应集中在气溶胶与气候相互作用对北极迅速发展的基本状态的敏感性上。