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Prenatal Substance Exposure and Child Maltreatment: A Systematic Review
Child Maltreatment ( IF 4.5 ) Pub Date : 2021-02-08 , DOI: 10.1177/1077559521990116
Anna E Austin 1, 2 , Caitlin Gest 1 , Alexandra Atkeson 1 , Molly C Berkoff 3 , Henry T Puls 4 , Meghan E Shanahan 1, 2
Affiliation  

State and federal policies regarding substance use in pregnancy, specifically whether a notification to child protective services is required, continue to evolve. To inform practice, policy, and future research, we sought to synthesize and critically evaluate the existing literature regarding the association of prenatal substance exposure with child maltreatment. We conducted a comprehensive electronic search of PubMed, Web of Science, PsycInfo, CHINAL, Social Work Abstracts, Sociological Abstracts, and Social Services Abstracts. We identified 30 studies that examined the association of exposure to any/multiple substances, cocaine, alcohol, opioids, marijuana, and amphetamine/methamphetamine with child maltreatment. Overall, results indicated that substance exposed infants have an increased likelihood of child protective services involvement, maternal self-reported risk of maltreatment behaviors, hospitalizations and clinic visits for suspected maltreatment, and adolescent retrospective self-report of maltreatment compared to unexposed infants. While study results suggest an association of prenatal substance exposure with child maltreatment, there are several methodological considerations that have implications for results and interpretation, including definitions of prenatal substance exposure and maltreatment, study populations used, and potential unmeasured confounding. As each may bias study results, careful interpretation and further research are warranted to appropriately inform programs and policy.



中文翻译:

产前物质暴露和儿童虐待:系统评价

关于怀孕期间药物使用的州和联邦政策,特别是是否需要通知儿童保护服务,继续发展。为了为实践、政策和未来研究提供信息,我们试图综合并批判性地评估现有的关于产前物质暴露与虐待儿童的关联的文献。我们对 PubMed、Web of Science、PsycInfo、CHINAL、Social Work Abstracts、Sociological Abstracts 和 Social Services Abstracts 进行了全面的电子搜索。我们确定了 30 项研究,这些研究检查了接触任何/多种物质、可卡因、酒精、阿片类药物、大麻和苯丙胺/甲基苯丙胺与虐待儿童之间的关系。总体而言,结果表明接触物质的婴儿参与儿童保护服务的可能性增加,与未暴露婴儿相比,母亲自我报告的虐待行为风险、因疑似虐待而住院和就诊的风险,以及青少年回顾性自我报告的虐待行为。虽然研究结果表明产前物质暴露与虐待儿童有关,但有几个方法学考虑对结果和解释有影响,包括产前物质暴露和虐待的定义、使用的研究人群和潜在的未测量混杂因素。由于每个人都可能对研究结果产生偏见,因此需要仔细解释和进一步研究,以便为计划和政策提供适当的信息。与未暴露婴儿相比,青少年回顾性虐待自我报告。虽然研究结果表明产前物质暴露与虐待儿童有关,但有几个方法学考虑对结果和解释有影响,包括产前物质暴露和虐待的定义、使用的研究人群和潜在的未测量混杂因素。由于每个人都可能对研究结果产生偏见,因此需要仔细解释和进一步研究,以便为计划和政策提供适当的信息。与未暴露婴儿相比,青少年回顾性虐待自我报告。虽然研究结果表明产前物质暴露与虐待儿童有关,但有几个方法学考虑对结果和解释有影响,包括产前物质暴露和虐待的定义、使用的研究人群和潜在的未测量混杂因素。由于每个人都可能对研究结果产生偏见,因此需要仔细解释和进一步研究,以便为计划和政策提供适当的信息。使用的研究人群,以及潜在的无法测量的混杂因素。由于每个人都可能对研究结果产生偏见,因此需要仔细解释和进一步研究,以便为计划和政策提供适当的信息。使用的研究人群,以及潜在的无法测量的混杂因素。由于每个人都可能对研究结果产生偏见,因此需要仔细解释和进一步研究,以便为计划和政策提供适当的信息。

更新日期:2021-02-08
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