1. The interspecific variation in spatial distribution has been frequently studied in macroecology, but cross‐species differences in temporal occupancy (the number of times a species has been recorded in a site, i.e. local persistence) are seldom investigated. Here we aim to determine the relative importance of different predictors of species temporal occupancy, including local abundance, body size, range size, biological traits, environmental niche metrics, and proportion of the sites occupied (mean landscape occurrence).
2. Using 17 years of data on 93 Neotropical fish species collected at the Upper Paraná River floodplain, we modelled temporal occupancy in six floodplain lakes, controlling for phylogenetic dependence, and investigated whether the relative importance of predictors was maintained across sites.
3. Mean landscape occurrence and mean local abundance were the main predictors of temporal occupancy in all six lakes. Body size was also important in most lakes. The concordance in the ranks of predictors was high, indicating consistency in the mechanisms behind temporal occupancy across sites.
4. Our results indicate the importance of metapopulation processes, especially the rescue effect, in determining long‐term persistence of fish local populations in floodplains.
5. The influence of spatial occupancy on local persistence implies that protecting a large number of habitats in the landscape might reduce the risk of local extinction of species, thus maintaining biodiversity levels in the system.

中文翻译：

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营救效应推动巴拉那河上游洪泛区鱼类物种的局部存续

1. 宏观生态学上经常研究种间空间分布的变化，但是很少研究跨物种在时间上的差异（物种在某个地点被记录的次数，即局部持久性）。在这里，我们旨在确定物种时间占用率的不同预测因子的相对重要性，这些预测因子包括局部丰度，体型，范围大小，生物学特征，环境生态位指标以及所占站点的比例（平均景观发生）。
2. 利用在上巴拉那河上游平原上收集的93种新热带鱼类物种的17年数据，我们对六个泛滥湖中的时间占用进行了建模，以控制系统发育的依赖性，并调查了各个站点之间预测因子的相对重要性是否得到维持。
3. 平均景观发生率和平均局部丰度是所有六个湖泊时间占用的主要预测因子。在大多数湖泊中，体型也很重要。预测变量等级的一致性很高，表明各个站点的时间占用背后的机制保持一致。
4. 我们的结果表明，在确定洪泛区鱼类本地种群的长期持久性方面，种群迁移过程（尤其是救援效果）的重要性。
5. 空间占用对局部持久性的影响意味着保护景观中的大量栖息地可能会降低物种局部灭绝的风险，从而维持系统中的生物多样性水平。