Far-lee wind flow characteristics behind 2D wedge-shaped obstacles with the front slope angle θ varying from 0° to 90° were explored through experiments and numerical simulations. The objective of this research was to study the effect of θ on wind field recovery behind the obstacle and to develop empirical equations to quantify this. Experimental results show that as θ increases, the mean wind velocity at any given height below three times the obstacle height within the far-lee region decreases while the turbulence level increases. Shifting of the shear layer center to higher elevations was also observed. Numerically, three widely used turbulence models, i.e. the Standard k-ε, RNG k-ε, and SST k-ω and the recently developed GEKO model were tested for their ability to replicate experimental results and to identify an appropriate turbulence model for subsequent simulations. A tuned version of the GEKO model was found to best predict both the mean and turbulence characteristics of wind flow in the far-lee region. Using these results, an empirical model was also proposed for predicting the mean and turbulence characteristics in the far-lee region of 2D wedge-shaped obstacles. This model is based on the concept of flow self-similarity in this region and was developed using experimental data collected herein and verified against simulated numerical data and data from other researchers, proving its validity.

通过实验和数值模拟，研究了二维楔形障碍物后面的远风风流特征，前倾斜角θ在0°至90°之间变化。这项研究的目的是研究θ对障碍物后面风场恢复的影响，并建立经验方程式对此进行量化。实验结果表明，随着θ的增加，远风区域内障碍物高度三倍以下的任意给定高度处的平均风速都会降低，而湍流水平则会增加。还观察到剪切层中心向更高的高度移动。在数值上，三种广泛使用的湍流模型，即标准k - ε，RNG k- ε，和SST ķ - ω和最近开发GEKO模型测试它们复制的实验结果，并确定用于随后模拟适当的湍流模型的能力。发现GEKO模型的调谐版本可以最好地预测偏远地区风流的均值和湍流特征。利用这些结果，还提出了一个经验模型来预测二维楔形障碍物远处区域的均值和湍流特性。该模型基于该区域中流量自相似性的概念，并使用此处收集的实验数据进行了开发，并针对模拟数值数据和其他研究人员的数据进行了验证，证明了其有效性。