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From Civic Pluralism to Ethnoreligious Majoritarianism: Majority Nationalism in India
Nationalism and Ethnic Politics ( IF 0.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-02 , DOI: 10.1080/13537113.2020.1716437
Brian Girvin 1
Affiliation  

Abstract This article analyzes the changing nature and substance of Indian nationalism since independence in 1947. India provides insights into how state and majority nationalism manifests itself in a democratic post-colonial society. It also draws attention to how state-making and nation-building reflect the dominant political position of the majority nation in a specific state. In India, the state actively sought to accommodate ethnic and linguistic demands through a consensual federal system. In this form, the majority nationalism did not always imply majoritarianism. The outcome was complex asymmetrical federalism that sought accommodation but also actively opposed secessionist demands by nationalist movements. This accommodationist form of majority nationalism has in recent decades been replaced by an ethnoreligious nationalism based on majoritarian and exclusivist principles. The political success of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) has weakened India’s asymmetrical federalism. The trend is away from pluralistic possibilities to a unitary nation-state model. This majoritarian nationalism is characterized by an insistence on Hindutva or Hindu nationalism, intolerance of difference and an insistence that all those who live in India share a common culture, Identity and historic past. The decision to repeal Article 370 of the Constitution, which provides a special status for Jammu and Kashmir, is discussed in this context.

中文翻译:

从公民多元主义到民族宗教多数主义:印度的多数民族主义

摘要 本文分析了印度民族主义自 1947 年独立以来不断变化的性质和实质。印度提供了关于国家和多数民族主义如何在民主的后殖民社会中表现出来的见解。它还提请注意国家制定和国家建设如何反映特定国家中多数民族的主导政治地位。在印度,国家积极寻求通过双方同意的联邦制度来满足种族和语言的需求。在这种形式中,多数民族主义并不总是意味着多数主义。结果是复杂的不对称联邦制,它寻求妥协,但也积极反对民族主义运动的分离主义要求。近几十年来,这种多数民族主义的妥协主义形式已被基于多数主义和排他主义原则的民族宗教民族主义所取代。印度人民党(BJP)在政治上的成功削弱了印度不对称的联邦制。趋势是从多元化的可能性转向单一的民族国家模式。这种多数民族主义的特点是坚持印度教或印度教民族主义,不容忍差异,坚持所有生活在印度的人拥有共同的文化、身份和历史。在此背景下讨论了废除为查谟和克什米尔提供特殊地位的宪法第 370 条的决定。印度人民党(BJP)在政治上的成功削弱了印度不对称的联邦制。趋势是从多元化的可能性转向单一的民族国家模式。这种多数民族主义的特点是坚持印度教或印度教民族主义,不容忍差异,坚持所有生活在印度的人拥有共同的文化、身份和历史。在此背景下讨论了废除为查谟和克什米尔提供特殊地位的宪法第 370 条的决定。印度人民党(BJP)在政治上的成功削弱了印度不对称的联邦制。趋势是从多元化的可能性转向单一的民族国家模式。这种多数民族主义的特点是坚持印度教或印度教民族主义,不容忍差异,坚持所有生活在印度的人拥有共同的文化、身份和历史。在此背景下讨论了废除为查谟和克什米尔提供特殊地位的宪法第 370 条的决定。身份和历史的过去。在此背景下讨论了废除为查谟和克什米尔提供特殊地位的宪法第 370 条的决定。身份和历史的过去。在此背景下讨论了废除为查谟和克什米尔提供特殊地位的宪法第 370 条的决定。
更新日期:2020-01-02
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