During the Northern and Southern Song dynasties, the city of Hangzhou faced a dilemma: how to simultaneously maintain West Lake as a freshwater reservoir and as a source for the food supply of its inhabitants. Based on the Buddhist precept of abstaining from harming any living being, West Lake was declared a sacrosanct site where fishing was prohibited. Although this put the city’s fish supply at stake, the lake’s sacrosanct status was a welcome argument for advocating the administrative policy of keeping the lake as the city’s freshwater reservoir. This meant prohibiting the cultivation of aquatic plants that would lead to the siltation and eventual drying-up of the lake, although those plants also served as food supply for the city. Policymakers suggested to mark out only a partial zone of the lake to be exempted from fishing and cultivation, but this proposed compromise had to be defended.

中文翻译：

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佛教运动视野下的生态营养政策困境

南北宋时期，杭州市面临着一个两难选择：如何同时保持西湖作为淡水蓄水池和居民粮食供应源。根据佛教的戒除众生戒律，西湖被宣布为神圣的地方，禁止捕鱼。尽管这使该市的鱼类供应受到威胁，但该湖的神圣地位是倡导将该湖作为该市淡水水库的行政政策的一个受欢迎的论据。这意味着禁止种植会导致湖泊淤积和最终干涸的水生植物，尽管这些植物也为城市提供食物。决策者建议只划出湖泊的部分区域，免于捕鱼和耕种，