ABSTRACT This paper examines the link between healthcare access/utilization and health outcomes in Turkey within a spatial framework. Our initial set of findings highlight an overall duality in health indicators which is getting stronger once a spatial dimension is included. Specifically we find wider spatial dichotomy for health outcomes relative to access and utilization measures. Finally once we consider unobserved heterogeneity, spatial spillovers and spatial variability; our results pinpoint a non-robust link between healthcare access/utilization measures and health outcomes which works better among the already developed regions of Turkey. Overall, our combined results indicate an ongoing polarization of health-based human capital development which coincides with local variations of the relationship between healthcare access/utilization and outcomes in Turkey.

中文翻译：

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医疗保健获取和利用的空间分布：它们是否会影响土耳其的健康状况？

摘要本文在空间框架内研究了土耳其的医疗保健获取/利用与健康结果之间的联系。我们最初的发现强调了健康指标的整体二重性，一旦包括空间维度，该二重性就会越来越强。具体而言，相对于获取和利用措施，我们发现了更广泛的健康结果空间二分法。最后，一旦我们考虑了未观察到的异质性，空间溢出和空间变异性；我们的结果指出了医疗保健获取/利用措施与健康结果之间的非稳健联系，这种联系在土耳其已经发达的地区更为有效。总体，