EARLY MEDIEVAL PINS are found in large quantities on both sides of the North Sea and the English Channel, and as a result are one of the few artefact types that can facilitate the exploration of cross-cultural contacts in terms of style, material and manufacture. This paper presents the results of the analyses of two contemporary groups of copper-alloy pins dating from the 7th to the 11th centuries using X-ray fluorescence spectrometry. One group of pins considered here was recovered from an excavated Anglo-Saxon settlement at Sedgeford (Norfolk), while the other derives from a coastal settlement at Domburg (Zeeland, the Netherlands). We argue here, on the basis of our results, that while pin production may have been focused around major mercantile, royal or ecclesiastical centres, it was also localised in terms of materials and production methods, suggesting potentially different trajectories in each region for the development and control of specialist production.

中文翻译：

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来自英国塞奇福德和荷兰东堡的 7 至 11 世纪铜合金销的比较成分研究

早期的中世纪别针在北海和英吉利海峡两岸大量发现，因此是为数不多的可以促进跨文化接触在风格、材料和制造方面的探索的人工制品类型之一。本文介绍了使用 X 射线荧光光谱法对 7 至 11 世纪的两组当代铜合金销进行分析的结果。这里考虑的一组别针是从在塞奇福德（诺福克）挖掘出的盎格鲁-撒克逊人定居点回收的，而另一组则来自多姆堡（荷兰泽兰）的一个沿海定居点。我们在此论证，根据我们的结果，虽然大头针生产可能集中在主要的商业、皇家或教会中心，但它在材料和生产方法方面也是本地化的，