EXCAVATIONS AT the castle complex of Cēsis, Latvia, uncovered an unusual find of large quantities of horse bones, some of which were partially articulated, along with equestrian equipment. These were associated with a destroyed building at the edge of the southern outer bailey. The horses included large males, most probably stallions, and pathology on several of the recovered vertebrae suggests these individuals had been used for riding. The size of the horses was within the range for medieval war horses, and the associated tack also pointed to prestigious riding animals. Radiocarbon dating of the bones placed them firmly within the Teutonic Order's period of rule. We conclude here that these horses fulfilled a military role in the final decades of the Teutonic Order’s rule in Livonia in the late 15th/early 16th century and that the better-known equestrian culture of late-medieval Prussia was comparable in character, if not in scale, to that in Livonia.

中文翻译：

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拉脱维亚 Cēsis 城堡的中世纪晚期马匹和利沃尼亚的条顿骑士团马术资源

在拉脱维亚 Cēsis 城堡建筑群的发掘中发现了大量马骨，其中一些是部分铰接的，以及马术设备。这些与南外贝利边缘的一座被毁建筑有关。这些马包括大型雄性，最有可能是种马，并且在几个恢复的椎骨上的病理表明这些人曾被用来骑马。马匹的大小在中世纪战马的范围内，相关的大头针也指向着名的骑马。骨骼的放射性碳测年将它们牢牢地置于条顿骑士团的统治时期。