Abstract

Is diffusing global market-based development beneficial for women? Does it improve or hinder women's empowerment and in turn, the prosperity of their families? Is women's empowerment advantageous to the development of families and countries? The manuscript depicts and provides a critical review of variables of marker-based development that are relevant to women's empowerment (a) objectives of market-based development, (b) elements of the organizational structure of workplaces, and (c) welfare provisions. The study argues that these variables, when taken together interactively, form a conceptual framework of women's empowerment under conditions of market-based development. First, the study illustrates the implications of this framework. Second, it conducts statistical analyses to demonstrate the differential effects of market-based development on women's as compared to men's empowerment across the world. The empirical analyses indicate that the effects of countries' market-based development on women's and men's economic, health, and educational opportunities are generally positive, nonetheless over time, in contrast to men, women's labor force and maternal health weaken. The study concludes discussing the importance of the defined conceptual framework and demonstrated gender differences of effects of market-based development to future scholarly analyses and policymaking.

摘要

分散全球市场为基础的发展对女性有益吗？它是改善还是阻碍了女性赋权，进而促进了她们家庭的繁荣？女性赋权是否有利于家庭和国家的发展？手稿描述并提供了对与妇女赋权相关的基于标记的发展变量的批判性审查 (a)基于市场的发展目标，(b)工作场所组织结构的要素，以及 (c)福利条款。. 该研究认为，这些变量在以交互方式结合在一起时，形成了在基于市场的发展条件下赋予妇女权力的概念框架。首先，该研究说明了该框架的含义。其次，它进行统计分析，以展示基于市场的发展对世界各地女性赋权与男性赋权的不同影响。实证分析表明，国家基于市场的发展对女性和男性的经济、健康和教育机会的影响总体上是积极的，但随着时间的推移，与男性相比，女性的劳动力和产妇健康会减弱。