In the years since 9/11, international security discourse has heightened concerns around extremism, positioning this as the key threat that States need to address in order to prevent and combat terrorism. Politically, enactment of domestic legislation curtailing extremist expressions has been internationally authorised and encouraged and in May 2016 the United Kingdom (‘UK’), spearheading a liberal State trend towards rights-restrictive approaches to extremism, announced its intention to enact legislation imposing a range of civil sanctions on those publicly expressing extremist views. But laws such as this restrict the core democratic right to freedom of expression and so must comply with the tripartite requirements for restrictions enshrined in Article 19(3) of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (‘ICCPR’) to be legitimate. Using the UK to dynamically exemplify the issues, this paper assesses the manner in which the laws curtailing extremist expressions comply with international human rights law.

中文翻译：

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极端主义，言论自由和法治：评估限制极端主义言论的立法是否符合《公民权利和政治权利国际公约》第19条

自9/11以来的几年中，国际安全问题引起了人们对极端主义的关注，将其定位为各国为防止和打击恐怖主义而必须应对的主要威胁。从政治上讲，制定了限制极端主义言论的国内立法，得到了国际社会的认可和鼓励。2016年5月，英国率先采取自由主义的趋势，采取了限制权利的极端主义态度，并宣布打算颁布一系列立法对那些公开表达极端主义观点的人的民事制裁。但是，诸如此类的法律限制了表达自由的核心民主权利，因此必须遵守《公民权利和政治权利国际公约》第19条第3款所规定的三方要求。