South Africa faces persistent challenges of poverty, unemployment and inequality. Recently, there has been growing literature trying to effectively address such challenges as the livelihood strategies of the poor need to be adequately understood. This article studied the livelihood strategies and diversification among the poor in South Africa using two data sets, namely the Statistics South Africa General Household Survey 2016 (GHS) and the Programme to Support Pro-poor Policy Development (PSPPD II)-University of Fort Hare (UFH) Economics survey. The study measured welfare using per capita income standardised by the adult equivalence scale (AES) which accounts for intra-household variations in members’ access to household’s resources and therefore corrects for economies of scale. Logistic regression techniques were employed to test the stated hypotheses. The GHS 2016-based results are in line with the sustainable livelihood framework, which posits that households need access to different sets of assets to sustain livelihoods. In this context, access to different assets has been shown to increase the probability of engaging in high-value strategies that will ensure sustainability of livelihoods. The PSPPD-UFH Economics data collaborate GHS-based results, showing that assets’ access deprivation increases the odds of relying on non-labour income (like social grants) than engaging in high-value strategy (no farming income). Male-headed households and those with greater access to financial capital are more diversified.

中文翻译：

---

穷人的谋生策略和多样化：来自南非家庭调查的证据

南非面临贫困，失业和不平等的持续挑战。近年来，越来越多的文献试图有效应对此类挑战，因为需要充分理解穷人的生计策略。本文使用两个数据集研究了南非贫困人口的生计策略和多样化，这两个数据集是2016年南非统计局一般家庭调查（GHS）和支持扶贫政策制定计划（PSPPD II）-哈尔堡大学（UFH）经济调查。这项研究使用了按成人当量表（AES）标准化的人均收入来衡量福利，该表考虑了家庭内部成员在获取家庭资源方面的差异，因此可以纠正规模经济。使用逻辑回归技术来检验陈述的假设。基于GHS 2016的结果与可持续生计框架相吻合，该框架假定家庭需要获得各种资产以维持生计。在这种情况下，已证明获得不同资产的机会增加了采用高价值战略以确保生计可持续性的可能性。PSPPD-UFH Economics数据与基于GHS的结果进行了协作，表明资产获取的剥夺增加了依靠非劳动收入（如社会补助金）的机会，而不是从事高价值战略（没有农业收入）的机会。男户主家庭和拥有更多金融资金机会的家庭更加多样化。这表明家庭需要获得各种资产来维持生计。在这种情况下，事实表明，获得不同资产增加了采用高价值战略以确保生计可持续性的可能性。PSPPD-UFH Economics数据与基于GHS的结果进行了协作，表明资产获取的剥夺增加了依靠非劳动收入（如社会补助金）的机会，而不是从事高价值战略（没有农业收入）的机会。男户主家庭和拥有更多金融资金机会的家庭更加多样化。这表明家庭需要获得各种资产来维持生计。在这种情况下，已证明获得不同资产的机会增加了采用高价值战略以确保生计可持续性的可能性。PSPPD-UFH Economics数据与基于GHS的结果进行了协作，表明资产获取的剥夺增加了依靠非劳动收入（如社会补助金）的机会，而不是从事高价值战略（没有农业收入）的机会。男户主家庭和拥有更多金融资金机会的家庭更加多样化。PSPPD-UFH Economics数据与基于GHS的结果进行了合作，表明资产获取的匮乏增加了依靠非劳动收入（如社会补助金）的机会，而不是从事高价值战略（没有农业收入）的机会。男户主家庭和拥有更多金融资金机会的家庭更加多样化。PSPPD-UFH Economics数据与基于GHS的结果进行了协作，表明资产获取的剥夺增加了依靠非劳动收入（如社会补助金）的机会，而不是从事高价值战略（没有农业收入）的机会。男户主家庭和拥有更多金融资金机会的家庭更加多样化。