The conceptualization of the “field” in early Soviet ethnography had its own dynamics and elaborations within the discursive arenas of the Leningrad ethnographic school. Beginning with the prehistory of the idea of the field among the Enlightenment naturalists and travelers, we turn toward a description of long-term expeditions of the first generation of Soviet ethnographers of the North. Comparing field diaries, photographs, questionnaires, lectures, and textbooks, we consider the patterns and flexibility in the concept of the field in the first half of the twentieth century. We conclude with a discussion of how post–World War II Soviet anthropologists departed from the ideas of participant observation and long-term fieldworking prominent in earlier conceptualizations of fieldwork in Soviet ethnography.

中文翻译：

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早期苏联民族志中“场”的概念：北方视角

早期苏联民族志中“领域”的概念化在列宁格勒民族志学派的话语领域内有其自身的动态和阐述。从启蒙运动博物学家和旅行者关于田野观念的史前史开始，我们转向描述第一代苏联北方民族志学家的长期探险。比较田野日记、照片、问卷、讲座和教科书，我们考虑了 20 世纪上半叶田野概念的模式和灵活性。我们最后讨论了二战后的苏联人类学家如何背离参与观察和长期田野工作的思想，这些思想在苏联民族志早期田野工作的概念化中尤为突出。