This article presents a current review of the risk of physical and psychological injury associated with participation in elite youth sport, and suggests strategies to ensure the physical and emotional health of these young athletes. Although there is lack of epidemiological data, especially with regard to psychological injury, preliminary data suggest that the risk of injury is high in this population. While there is lack of incident and follow-up data, there is also concern regarding burnout, disordered eating, and the long-term consequences of injury. Modifiable injury risk factors identified include postural control, competition anxiety, life events, previous injury, and volume of training. There are presently no studies designed to determine the effectiveness of injury prevention measures in elite youth sports. However, there is adequate evidence arising from injury prevention studies of youth sports participants – including neuromuscular training, protective equipment, mental training to enhance self-esteem, and sport rules modification – to prevent injuries in elite youth sports settings. Although not tested, psychosocial prevention strategies such as adoption of task-oriented coping mechanisms, autonomous support from parents, and a proactive organizational approach also show promise in injury prevention.

中文翻译：

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精英青年运动员：确保身心健康的策略

本文介绍了与参加精英青年运动有关的身体和心理伤害风险的最新综述，并提出了确保这些年轻运动员的身心健康的策略。尽管缺乏流行病学数据，尤其是关于心理伤害的数据，但初步数据表明，该人群的伤害风险很高。尽管缺乏事件和随访数据，但也令人担忧的是倦怠，饮食失调以及伤害的长期后果。确定的可改变的伤害危险因素包括姿势控制，比赛焦虑，生活事件，以前的伤害和训练量。目前尚无旨在确定伤害预防措施在青少年精英运动中的有效性的研究。然而，青年运动参与者的伤害预防研究（包括神经肌肉训练，防护装备，增强自尊心的心理训练和运动规则修改）的预防研究得到了充分的证据，以防止精英青年运动环境中的伤害。尽管未经测试，但心理社会预防策略（例如采用面向任务的应对机制，父母的自主支持以及积极的组织方法）也显示出在预防伤害方面的希望。