Abstract: The last decade has seen a dramatic rise in sports science research due to the ever-increasing professionalization of sport. As a result, many alternative training methodologies that challenge traditional training philosophies have emerged. In the sport of swimming, ultra-short race-pace training (USRPT) was recently proposed. The aim of this article was to provide current perspectives on USRPT in competitive swimming. A systematic review was conducted to determine the effects of USRPT on performance in competitive swimmers. Of the 1347 studies retrieved, 1332 were excluded. The full-texts of 15 studies were assessed for eligibility. However, all 15 studies were excluded as the intervention did not consist of USRPT. Consequently, there are concerns surrounding USRPT as it is not currently based on peer-reviewed published literature. In addition, the recommendations within USRPT to avoid resistance training, cross-training activities, training intensities less than race-pace velocity and part practice swimming drills are highly controversial and lack scientific evidence. There is evidence to suggest that USRPT is a derivative of high-intensity training (HIT) and there is peer-reviewed published literature available to support the effects of HIT on performance in competitive swimmers. Swimming coaches and sports scientists are advised to consider the applications of USRPT with caution. The authors suggest that USRPT is a training method, which may be incorporated within a holistic periodized training program that includes a variety of training methods and stimuli. Future research should involve a randomized controlled intervention of USRPT in competitive swimmers.

Keywords: high-intensity interval training, high volume training, quality and quantity


中文翻译：

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游泳中的超短跑节奏训练（USRPT）：当前观点

摘要：在过去的十年中，由于体育专业化程度的不断提高，体育科学研究的发展迅速。结果，出现了许多挑战传统训练哲学的替代训练方法。在游泳运动中，最近提出了超短跑速度训练（USRPT）。本文的目的是提供有关竞技游泳中USRPT的最新观点。进行了系统的审查，以确定USRPT对竞技游泳运动员成绩的影响。在检索到的1347项研究中，有1332项被排除在外。对15项研究的全文进行了资格评估。但是，所有15项研究均被排除在外，因为干预措施不包括USRPT。因此，由于USRPT当前尚未基于经过同行评审的公开文献，因此存在一些担忧。此外，USRPT内关于避免进行阻力训练，交叉训练活动，训练强度低于比赛速度的建议以及部分练习游泳训练的建议引起了很大争议，并且缺乏科学依据。有证据表明，USRPT是高强度训练（HIT）的衍生物，并且有经过同行评审的公开文献可支持HIT对竞技游泳者的表现的影响。建议游泳教练和体育科学家谨慎考虑USRPT的应用。作者认为，USRPT是一种训练方法，可以纳入包括各种训练方法和刺激在内的整体定期训练计划中。未来的研究应包括对竞技游泳者进行USRPT的随机对照干预。

关键词：高强度间歇训练高容量训练质与量