ABSTRACT

Rene Girard, influential theorist of sacrifice and victimage, casts Oedipus as a scapegoat, who absorbs the ‘free-floating’ guilt that has plagued Thebes. But is he? Girard’s definitions of the scapegoat and reciprocal violence are established, and then differentiated from the administration of punishment in the stateless societies of ancient Greek myths, using the laws of Zeus and the story cycle of the Oresteia. Practices and attitudes surrounding man-boy sexual and pederastic relationships are reconstructed as they evolved from mythic into historic times in Greece. The larger story of Laius, Pelops, Chrysippus, Oedipus and Jocasta is investigated using scholarship on lost but attested plays as well as mythographic materials. By establishing Laius’s illicit abduction of Chrysippus as the source of guilt, and its treatment in tragedy in historic Athens, Oedipus emerges instead as an unwitting and unwilling agent of punishment in a stateless but not lawless society.

摘要

有影响力的牺牲和受害者理论家勒内·吉拉德（Rene Girard）将俄狄浦斯（Oedipus）视为替罪羊，他吸收了困扰着底比斯的“自由浮动”罪恶感。但是他是吗？吉拉德（Girard）对替罪羊和对等暴力的定义得以确立，然后与古希腊神话的无国籍社会中使用宙斯定律和奥瑞斯提亚的故事周期进行的处罚区别开来。。在希腊从神话演变为历史时期的过程中，围绕着男孩与男孩之间的性关系和人际关系的习俗和态度得以重塑。莱乌斯（Laius），佩洛普斯（Pelops），克里斯蒂普斯（Chrysippus），俄狄浦斯（Oedipus）和霍卡斯特（Jocasta）的大故事，是使用有关失落但经证实的戏剧以及神话资料的奖学金进行调查的。通过建立劳厄斯非法绑架克里斯蒂普斯作为内source的根源，以及在历史悠久的雅典对悲剧的对待，俄狄浦斯在无国籍但并非没有法律的社会中成为不知情和不情愿的惩罚者。