ABSTRACT Fausto Reinaga was one of the most controversial writers in the twentieth-century Bolivia. He is known as ‘the father of Indianism’ (indianismo) in Bolivia, which is an ideology of Indian self-emancipation. This article analyzes his works in the 1950s and 1960s, showing how Bolivia’s National Revolution in 1952 indelibly impacted his thinking. It sheds light on how his Indianism resulted from his search for an ideological solution to the contradictions and limits of the Revolution, which he initially supported and later criticized for imposing a fictious mestizo homogeneity upon Indians. It argues that Indianism was a nationalist ideology to redefine the Bolivian nation in racial terms of Indian power. Reinaga theorized Indian power based on his critical relations to the revolutionary process of the 1940s-1950s. It examines how his notion of Indian power relates to his utopian view of Indian-ness and anticolonial insurgency, which promotes an alternative version of national homogeneity. It concludes with remarks on his relations to the Aymara and Quechua movements in the 1970s-1980s and to contemporary debates on decolonization and race in Bolivia.

中文翻译：

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富纳托·雷纳加（Fausto Reinaga）的玻利维亚的民族主义和革命：印第安主义，非殖民化和“两个玻利维亚”

摘要福斯托·雷纳加（Fausto Reinaga）是20世纪玻利维亚最具争议的作家之一。他在玻利维亚被称为“印第安人之父”（indianismo），这是印第安人自我解放的意识形态。本文分析了他在1950年代和1960年代的作品，展示了1952年玻利维亚的民族革命如何对他的思想产生不可磨灭的影响。它揭示了他的印第安主义是如何为革命的矛盾和局限寻求一种意识形态的解决方案而产生的，他最初支持并后来批评是将虚构的同质同质性强加于印第安人。它认为印度主义是一种民族主义意识形态，以种族上的印度力量重新定义玻利维亚国家。Reinaga根据他对1940到1950年代革命进程的批判关系对印度的权力进行了理论化。它考察了他对印度力量的观念如何与他的乌托邦式的印度性和反殖民叛乱观点相联系，后者促进了国家同质性的另一种形式。最后，他谈到了他与1970年代至1980年代的艾马拉（Aymara）运动和盖丘亚运动（Quechua）的关系以及玻利维亚关于非殖民化和种族的当代辩论。