Summary The profane meal was an important part of social life during the Middle Ages and could take place within a single household, at a larger banquet or in the community of a guild. The focus of this article is on medieval material culture in relation to the meal. At the centre are cutlery and drinking vessels from medieval Sweden such as spoons, knives, jugs, drinking horns, bowls and goblets. These categories of objects have so far been studied only on a limited scale and mostly from the perspective of the material, technique, style, trade and practical use, while the function and meaning of inscriptions and images have not been thoroughly examined. The article points at the appearance of pious images and prayers in relation to Christ and the saints on utility goods as an expression of a desire for and a promise to receive help and protection in everyday life. Devotional images or short prayer inscriptions could in all likelihood generate a response in the form of a quick prayer or a pious thought. Objects such as the presented utility goods could accordingly activate devotion. Open to the senses in relation to devotion, the owner could view the images, read the prayers aloud or silently, touch the images and words with the fingertips, lips and tongue and in that way come in direct bodily contact with what was regarded as sacred.

中文翻译：

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与基督和他的圣徒一起用餐。与瑞典中世纪灵修文化有关的餐具

总结亵渎食物是中世纪社会生活的重要组成部分，可以在一个家庭中，较大的宴会上或行会社区中进行。本文的重点是与膳食相关的中世纪物质文化。中心是来自中世纪瑞典的餐具和饮用器皿，例如汤匙，刀子，水罐，酒杯，酒杯和酒杯。迄今为止，仅在有限的范围内研究了这些类别的对象，并且主要是从材料，技术，样式，交易和实际使用的角度进行了研究，而铭文和图像的功能和含义尚未得到全面研究。文章指出了与基督和公用事业上的圣徒有关的虔诚的图像和祈祷，表达了人们在日常生活中获得帮助和保护的愿望和承诺。虔诚的形象或简短的祷告题词很可能会以快速祷告或虔诚的思想形式产生回应。诸如所提供的实用物品之类的物体可以相应地激活奉献。主人对与奉献有关的感官开放，可以观看图像，大声或无声地阅读祈祷，用指尖，嘴唇和舌头触摸图像和单词，并以这种方式直接与被视为神圣的身体接触。诸如所提供的实用物品之类的物体可以相应地激活奉献。主人对与奉献有关的感官开放，可以观看图像，大声或无声地阅读祈祷，用指尖，嘴唇和舌头触摸图像和单词，并以这种方式直接与被视为神圣的身体接触。诸如所提供的实用物品之类的物体可以相应地激活奉献。主人对与奉献有关的感官开放，可以观看图像，大声或无声地阅读祈祷，用指尖，嘴唇和舌头触摸图像和单词，并以这种方式直接与被视为神圣的身体接触。