ABSTRACT The increase in the distribution and availability of images for personal use in the late Middle Ages raises the question of their potential historical value for understanding the societies that produced and made use of them. This paper exposes the effects and the historical meanings of some woodcut illustrations of disputations between Jews and Christians: the woodcuts were widespread during the 1470s and 1480s in Swabia and Bavaria and surrounding areas, and they are still familiar and continue to play a role in shaping perceptions of Jewish-Christian relations of that period. These images do not reflect actual events: rather they are misrepresentations of polemical anti-Jewish sermons, designed as fictitious scholarly discourses. Their historical value is not limited to their ability to expose hidden angles. They can guide us to a better understanding of the written sources and to find new meanings there.

中文翻译：

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书本艺术作为历史证据：中世纪晚期德国的争议和代表性

摘要在中世纪后期，供个人使用的图像的分布和可用性的增加提出了一个问题，即图像的潜在历史价值对于了解产生和使用它们的社会是一个问题。本文揭露了一些犹太人和基督徒之间纠纷的木刻插图的影响和历史意义：该木刻在1470年代和1480年代在施瓦本州和巴伐利亚及周边地区广泛存在，它们仍然很熟悉并继续在塑造过程中发挥作用对那个时期的犹太基督教关系的看法。这些图像并不能反映实际情况：它们是虚构的反犹太布道的虚假陈述，这些布道被设计为虚拟的学术话语。它们的历史价值不仅限于其隐藏角的能力。