The present archaeometric study focuses on a set of archaeological siliceous lithic tools that are assigned to the early Vinca culture period (Vinca A and Vinca B1). They were found in several pit-houses at Limba-Oarda de Jos (SW Transylvania, Romania), an open settlement that has been dated to 5,405-5,310 cal. BCE, a period in the Middle Neolithic. A total of 322 retouched tools and debitage pieces were typologically and macroscopically investigated. From these, 20 pieces were analyzed by polarized light optical microscopy (OM) and 10 pieces were analyzed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) in order to identify compositional characteristics, define the petrographic type, and establish the spectral fingerprint of each material. Four petrographic types were discriminated: radiolarite, chert, fossiliferous chert, and siliceous limestone. Mineralogically, the tools primarily consist of a mass of microquartz and fibrous microquartz (called also ‘chalcedony’) associated with radiolarians remnants (in radiolarites); fossil shell fragments (in the fossiliferous chert); and limestone components, such as ooliths and pellets (in the siliceous limestone). All samples show distinct FTIR bands, most of which are assigned to microquartz, quartz, and fibrous microquartz. The deconvolution of the FTIR spectra in the 950-1300 cm-1 domain reveals the contribution of several other phases, such as calcite and clay minerals. The results support the assumption that the tools made of chert, fossiliferous chert, and siliceous limestone were produced at the site from nodules that probably originated from the Upper Jurassic chert-bearing limestone that crops out nearby in the Trascău Mts. The tools made of radiolarite were most likely brought to the site as finished products from the Trascău Mts.

中文翻译：

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Limba-Oarda de Jos（罗马尼亚特兰西瓦尼亚）的中新石器时代硅质工具的初步考古学调查

当前的考古学研究集中在分配给Vinca早期文化时期（Vinca A和Vinca B1）的一套考古硅质石器。它们是在林巴-奥阿尔达·德·乔斯（罗马尼亚特兰西瓦尼亚，罗马尼亚）的几个露天采矿场发现的，该露天定居点的历史可追溯到5,405-5,310卡路里。公元前，新石器时代中期。在类型和宏观上对总共322种修饰工具和借方件进行了研究。从中，通过偏光光学显微镜（OM）分析了20件，通过傅立叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）分析了10件，以鉴定成分特征，定义岩石学类型并建立每种材料的光谱指纹。区分了四种岩石学类型：放射虫，ite石，化石fossil石，和硅质石灰石。从矿物学上讲，这些工具主要由大量与放射虫残留物（在放射虫中）相关的微石英和纤维状微石英（也称为“葫芦科”）组成。化石壳碎片（在化石石中）；以及石灰石成分，例如卵石和颗粒（在硅质石灰石中）。所有样品均显示出不同的FTIR波段，其中大部分被分配为微石英，石英和纤维状微石英。FTIR光谱在950-1300 cm-1域内的反卷积揭示了其他几个相的贡献，例如方解石和粘土矿物。结果支持以下假设：that石，化石石，在该地点产生了硅质石灰石，其结节可能起源于Trascău山附近种植的上侏罗统含cher石的石灰岩。用放射性云母制成的工具最有可能作为TrascăuMts的成品带到现场。