This paper presents an overview of the knapping techniques of the Second Mesolithic and Early Neolithic during the 7th and 6th millennium in Northern France. This period is characterised by the emergence of new armatures - the trapezes - and of new techniques of prismatic blade production that show discontinuation from the preceding technical traditions. Basically, if we admit that the success of these new technical practices is linked to their intrinsic qualities (higher regularity and parallelism of the blanks, control of the gesture and of the impact point as well as higher productivity), this can explain that the investment into the production focuses on the blanks rather than on the processes of retouch. This paper presents the current state of the data regarding the knapping techniques and their distribution. This analysis is based on the technological approach aiming at characterizing the types of production and the techniques of percussion. At the current state of analysis, only indirect percussion (punch) knapping technique is observed in the northern and western part of the area. Nonetheless, a more detailed study is still required in order to better describe distinct, very regular bladelet productions made from small-sized cores (eastern part of France). With respect to the geographical extension of the considered area, it can be stated that technological studies are still indigent. The debitage of L’Essart A seems to correspond to the common thread of the Late Mesolithic types of production by indirect percussion. However, some well-documented areas allow the perception of different types of indirect percussion which involves variants independent from the raw material which become apparent in the knapping procedures. This is the case of the the Retzian which is clearly opposed to the Teviecian through the procedures of systematic core preparation by microfacetting but also through the outstanding stylistic unity of the trapeze types. Debitage on the edge of a flake for the creation of blade surfaces seems for instant restricted to the Tardenoisian in a wider sense which means an area extending from the Paris Basin to Belgium. The chronological dimension is a crucial factor that has to be incorporated into the analysis. With regard to indirect percussion, an expanded chronological framework of the lithic assemblages would permit to understand whether the different variants are synchronous or diachronic. New discoveries gave us a better idea of the beginning of indirect percussion in Paris basin (around 6200 cal BC according to the dating of the grave of Cuiry-les-Chaudardes). The study of this « complex » of trapeze industries encompasses several levels of observation that have to be refined. The phenomenon is considered here globally. But as we have seen, some well defined entities seem to emerge within this complex. These are preliminary results for the moment and an interpretation that makes sense has yet to be made for these different practices. The typological evolution of trapezes and derived triangles has to be incorporated into the results obtained from the technological approach in order to determine whether the stylistic and technological entities can be correlated. The precise intersection between the stylistic entities and the technological variants assumed here has to be demonstrated. It will probably be possible to subdivide this complex in order to better understand its evolution.

中文翻译：

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法语国家的仲裁员变奏曲（法语）和法语国家（第VIIe和VIeMillénaireBCE）

本文概述了法国北部第7和第6千年中第二中石器时代和新石器时代早期的打techniques技术。这一时期的特点是出现了新的电枢-梯形-以及棱柱形叶片生产的新技术，这些技术显示出先前技术传统的中断。基本上，如果我们承认这些新技术实践的成功与它们的内在品质（较高的规则性和平行度的毛坯，对手势和冲击点的控制以及较高的生产率）相关联，那么这可以解释为投资生产中的重点在于毛坯，而不是修饰过程。本文介绍了有关盗版技术及其分布的数据的当前状态。该分析基于旨在表征生产类型和打击乐技术的技术方法。在目前的分析状态下，在该区域的北部和西部仅观察到间接敲击（打孔）打technique技术。尽管如此，仍需要进行更详细的研究，以更好地描述由小型岩芯（法国东部）制成的独特，非常规则的叶片叶片产品。关于所考虑区域的地理扩展，可以说技术研究仍是贫困的。L'Essart A的借方似乎与间接敲击产生的中石器时代后期生产的共同思路相对应。然而，一些有据可查的领域使人们可以感觉到不同类型的间接打击乐，其中包括与原材料无关的变体，这些变体在打捆程序中变得很明显。Retzian就是这种情况，Retzian与Teviecian明显相反，它通过微刻面系统地制备核芯的程序，也通过飞人类型出色的风格统一性。片状边缘上的借记产生了刀刃表面，从更广泛的意义上来说，似乎暂时仅限于Tardenoisian，这意味着该区域从巴黎盆地延伸至比利时。时间维度是必须纳入分析的关键因素。关于间接打击乐，石器组合的时间序列扩展框架将允许了解不同的变体是同步的还是历时的。新发现使我们对巴黎盆地的间接打击开始有了更好的了解（根据Cuiry-les-Chaudardes墓的年代，大约在公元前6200 cal）。对这种“复杂”的飞人产业的研究涵盖了必须改进的几个观察水平。在全球范围内考虑该现象。但是，正如我们所看到的，在此复合体中似乎出现了一些定义明确的实体。这些只是目前的初步结果，对于这些不同的实践还没有一个有意义的解释。梯形和派生三角形的类型演变必须结合到从技术方法获得的结果中，以便确定样式和技术实体是否可以关联。必须证明样式实体与此处假定的技术变型之间的精确交集。为了更好地了解其演变，可能有可能细分此复杂结构。