Review by Sonja Dümpelmann, Harvard University In the early 1960s, the term ‘hush parks’ entered the vocabulary of the Federal Aviation Administration in the United States. A reaction to the increasing noise produced by aircraft landing and taking off from airports, ‘hush parks’_forested areas surrounding airports_began to be considered an effective means to buffer sound. Many sounds were perceived as harmful and disturbing noise in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, when the world’s sounds were increasing in diversity and intensity due to industrialization and urbanization. When New York City established the Noise Abatement Commission in 1929, the noise of airplanes featured in its list of city noise sources, and soon the first suggestions were made to explore how far vegetation could buffer sound emanating from transportation infrastructure. Engineers and landscape architects became alert to the problem of noise and the role they could play in its abatement through designing for sound deflection, reflection, and absorption, and by the early 1960s the first studies were finally undertaken to better understand the propagation of sound from jet engines, its harmful effect on human physiology and well-being, and the effectiveness of vegetated areas on buffering motor sound.

中文翻译：

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噪音景观：机场和城市的空间探索

哈佛大学索尼娅·杜姆佩尔曼 (Sonja Dümpelmann) 的评论 1960 年代初期，“静谧公园”一词进入了美国联邦航空管理局的词汇表。对飞机在机场起降时产生的噪音越来越大的反应，“安静公园”_机场周围的森林区域_开始被认为是缓冲声音的有效手段。在 19 世纪末和 20 世纪初，由于工业化和城市化，世界声音的多样性和强度不断增加，许多声音被认为是有害和令人不安的噪音。当纽约市于 1929 年成立降噪委员会时，飞机的噪音就在其城市噪音源清单中，很快，第一个建议就是探索植被可以在多大程度上缓冲交通基础设施发出的声音。工程师和景观设计师开始警惕噪音问题，以及他们通过设计声音偏转、反射和吸收来减少噪音的作用，到 1960 年代初，终于进行了第一批研究，以更好地了解来自声音的传播。喷气发动机，它对人体生理和福祉的有害影响，以及植被区域对缓冲发动机声音的有效性。