Abstract The paper presents a comparative study on neighbourhood streets in the densely populated cities of Rotterdam, Copenhagen, Munich, and Vienna. First, urban development is contextualized in a brief history of alternative street development approaches. Then, the current measures and strategies to transform streets into sufficient public spaces for a growing number of people are investigated. The analysis of street sections in the four cities revealed significant differences in the existing street layout but also similar planning strategies, a similar approach to the appropriation, and an aesthetics of informality in certain cases. Discussing the cities’ policies towards this reclamation, the paper shows how contemporary measures go beyond the simple recovery of traffic lanes for cyclists or creating pedestrian walkways. A conclusion is drawn that top-down building and design measures are merging with bottom-up or activated civic engagement and although the streets observed are in good condition, barrier-free, and well-maintained, improvements for streets as living environments are at an early stage.

中文翻译：

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重返街头：聚焦维也纳、哥本哈根、慕尼黑和鹿特丹

摘要 本文对鹿特丹、哥本哈根、慕尼黑和维也纳等人口稠密城市的街区街道进行了比较研究。首先，城市发展以替代街道发展方法的简史为背景。然后，调查当前将街道改造成足够多的人使用的公共空间的措施和策略。对四个城市街道部分的分析揭示了现有街道布局的显着差异，但也有相似的规划策略、相似的拨款方法以及在某些情况下的非正式美学。在讨论城市的填海政策时，该论文展示了当代措施如何超越简单地恢复自行车道或创建人行道。