Abstract As in many countries, the renewal of existing urban parks became a central topic in civic and urban design in Hungary at the beginning of the twentieth century. Political issues influenced public open space design and the meaning attributed to it, relating to questions about tradition and modernity and to the artistic and social role of gardens. After the First World War, a new political reality brought about the possibility of creating public parks able to break with the historicist tradition rooted in the English landscape garden and the work of Peter Joseph Lenné and Gustav Meyer. This article explains how English and German reform ideas influenced landscape design thinking in Hungary in the first decades of the twentieth century by discussing the writings, designs and legacy of the architect Béla Rerrich, whose reforms led to a new way of designing public green spaces. Keyword: Public park design; Hungary; Béla Rerrich; urban open space; park reform

中文翻译：

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公共花园的艺术和社会作用：Béla Rerrich 和 20 世纪早期匈牙利公共公园设计的更新

摘要 与许多国家一样，现有城市公园的更新成为 20 世纪初匈牙利公民和城市设计的中心话题。政治问题影响了公共开放空间设计及其赋予的意义，涉及传统和现代性问题以及花园的艺术和社会作用。第一次世界大战后，新的政治现实带来了创建公园的可能性，这些公园能够打破植根于英国景观花园以及彼得·约瑟夫·伦内和古斯塔夫·迈耶的作品的历史主义传统。本文通过讨论建筑师 Béla Rerrich 的著作、设计和遗产，解释了英国和德国的改革思想如何影响 20 世纪头几十年匈牙利的景观设计思想，他们的改革带来了一种设计公共绿地的新方法。关键词：公共公园设计；匈牙利; 贝拉·雷里奇；城市开放空间；园区改革