The Syrian conflict which started in March 2011 is well into its third year and its dimensions and implications are steadily moving beyond Syrian borders and the broader Middle East. Syria’s uprising has developed into a civil war between government forces and the opposition, motivated primarily by internal and external actors’ strategic and at times existential interests. This article examines the implications and dimensions of the Syrian crisis for the major actors in the region, including Turkey, Iraq, Iran, Lebanon, the Gulf States, Israel and the Kurds. It argues that pitting a Shiite Iran-Iraq-Syria-Hezbollah axis against a Sunni Turkey-Gulf states axis is the most significant geo-political regional effect of the Syrian crisis. What is more devastating is not the division of the region along sectarian lines but the proxy war between the Shiite and Sunni factions.

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叙利亚冲突：地区范围和意义

2011年3月开始的叙利亚冲突已进入第三年，其规模和影响正在稳步超越叙利亚边界和整个中东地区。叙利亚的起义已发展成政府军与反对派之间的内战，其主要动机是内部和外部行为者的战略利益，有时甚至是生存利益。本文探讨了叙利亚危机对该地区主要行为者的影响和规模，其中包括土耳其，伊拉克，伊朗，黎巴嫩，海湾国家，以色列和库尔德人。它认为，将什叶派伊朗-伊拉克-叙利亚-真主党轴线与逊尼派土耳其-海湾国家轴线对准点是叙利亚危机最重要的地缘政治区域影响。