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Real effective exchange rate dynamics in Morocco: Exploring Balassa-Samuelson effect under capital account liberalization
Journal of International Studies Pub Date : 2020-03-01 , DOI: 10.14254/2071-8330.2020/13-1/24
Ezzahid Elhadj , Maouhoub Brahim

This paper discusses the sources of real effective exchange rate appreciation in Morocco as a small developing economy that opens its market to international economies. The stylized facts show a downward tendency of real effective exchange rate from 2000Q1 to 2019Q4. The question is to explain how real effective exchange rate appreciation occurs during the period of economic transition and convergence. Theoretically, we refer to the BalassaSamuelson effect according to which the real exchange rate appreciation is a result of faster relative productivities. We refer to Balassa (1964) and Samuelson (1964) and to some recent working papers in order to formulate an adequate model for Moroccan case. Our objective is to explain how domestic and foreign factors affect real effective exchange rate through the productivity gap between tradable sector and non-tradable sector. The results show that an increase in trade openness rate, in weight of US dollar in Moroccan dirham’s basket currencies, in tradable production, in foreign tradable capital stock, in foreign tradable factors’ output elasticity and in domestic wage level, results in real exchange rate appreciation (deterioration in external competitiveness). Meanwhile, an increase in domestic labor output elasticity, in labor force and capital transfers to tradable sector, in foreign non-tradable capital stock and in foreign non-tradable factors’ output elasticity, results in real exchange rate depreciation (amelioration in external competitiveness).

中文翻译:

摩洛哥的实际有效汇率动态:探索资本账户自由化下的巴拉萨-萨缪尔森效应

本文讨论了摩洛哥作为一个小的发展中经济体向国际经济开放市场的实际有效汇率升值的来源。程式化的事实表明,从2000年第一季度到2019年第四季度,实际有效汇率呈下降趋势。问题是要解释在经济转型和融合时期,实际有效的汇率升值是如何发生的。从理论上讲,我们指的是BalassaSamuelson效应,根据该效应,实际汇率升值是相对生产率提高的结果。我们参考Balassa(1964)和Samuelson(1964)以及一些最近的工作论文,以便为摩洛哥案件建立适当的模型。我们的目标是通过贸易部门和非贸易部门之间的生产率差距来解释国内外因素如何影响实际有效汇率。结果表明,贸易开放度,摩洛哥迪拉姆一篮子货币的美元重量,可交易的生产,外国可交易的资本存量,外国可交易的要素的产出弹性和国内工资水平的提高,导致实际汇率上升升值(外部竞争力恶化)。同时,国内劳动力产出弹性的增加,劳动力和向可贸易部门的资本转移,外国非贸易资本存量以及外国非贸易要素的产出弹性的增加,导致实际汇率贬值(外部竞争力的改善) 。结果表明,贸易开放度,摩洛哥迪拉姆一篮子货币的美元重量,可交易的生产,外国可交易的资本存量,外国可交易的要素的产出弹性和国内工资水平的提高,导致实际汇率上升升值(外部竞争力恶化)。同时,国内劳动力产出弹性的增加,劳动力和向可贸易部门的资本转移,外国非贸易资本存量以及外国非贸易要素的产出弹性的增加,导致实际汇率贬值(外部竞争力的改善) 。结果表明,贸易开放度,摩洛哥迪拉姆一篮子货币的美元重量,可交易的生产,外国可交易的资本存量,外国可交易的要素的产出弹性和国内工资水平的提高,导致实际汇率上升升值(外部竞争力恶化)。同时,国内劳动力产出弹性的增加,劳动力和向可贸易部门的资本转移,外国非贸易资本存量以及外国非贸易要素的产出弹性的增加,导致实际汇率贬值(外部竞争力的改善) 。对外贸易要素的产出弹性和本国工资水平,导致实际汇率升值(外部竞争力恶化)。同时,国内劳动力产出弹性的增加,劳动力和向可贸易部门的资本转移,外国非贸易资本存量以及外国非贸易要素的产出弹性的增加,导致实际汇率贬值(外部竞争力的改善) 。对外贸易要素的产出弹性和本国工资水平,导致实际汇率升值(外部竞争力恶化)。同时,国内劳动力产出弹性的增加,劳动力和向可贸易部门的资本转移,外国非贸易资本存量以及外国非贸易要素的产出弹性的增加,导致实际汇率贬值(外部竞争力的改善) 。
更新日期:2020-03-01
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