ABSTRACT The 2008 burning of South Korean National Treasure No. 1, Namdaemun Gate and its 2013 reopening served as central events in local reevaluations of the cultural value of historical sites. Based on interviews and ethnographic observations conducted in Seoul during 2014, this paper examines the ways the consumption of history is understood and negotiated by stakeholders and visitors. It finds that while most Seoulite visitors framed site visits as banal park trips, the historical significance of these spaces simultaneously made trips a moral and political obligation. Responsibility to consume history becomes explicit in Korean citizens’ accusations of their fellow citizens’ failure to participate in acts of remembering. At the same time, the administration of these sites reinforces and facilitates widespread heritage consumption, as seen in their efforts to package the past and draw in domestic and international consumers. These negotiations and contestations are here understood, following Fredrik Barth, as material and cultural assets employed in granting access to forms of capital and evaluating ethnic identity. The consumption of history becomes the duty of Koreans in which leisure activities and ethnic obligations are enhanced through reflections on globalization through international visitors, national events, and the historical discourses surrounding the sites themselves.

中文翻译：

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“不要改变硬件，而是要改变活动”：韩国首尔新兴的政治、道德和民族遗产消费形式

摘要 2008 年韩国国宝 1 号南大门的焚毁和 2013 年的重新开放是当地重新评估历史遗迹文化价值的核心事件。基于 2014 年在首尔进行的访谈和民族志观察，本文研究了利益相关者和游客理解和协商历史消费的方式。研究发现，虽然大多数首尔游客将实地考察视为平庸的公园旅行，但这些空间的历史意义同时使旅行成为一种道德和政治义务。在韩国公民指责他们的同胞没有参与记忆行为时，消费历史的责任变得明确。同时，这些遗址的管理加强和促进了广泛的遗产消费，正如他们努力包装过去并吸引国内外消费者一样。在弗雷德里克·巴特 (Fredrik Barth) 之后，这些谈判和争论在这里被理解为用于授予获取资本形式和评估种族身份的物质和文化资产。历史的消费成为韩国人的责任，通过国际游客、国家事件和围绕遗址本身的历史话语对全球化的反思，增强了休闲活动和民族义务。